Apush Chapter 11

Front 1

Embargo Act

Back 1

Endorsed by Thomas Jefferson and passed in December 1807. The act ended all importation and
exportation in response to theChesapeake-Leopard affair. Jefferson hoped the embargo would put
enough economic pressure on the French and British that the two nations would be forced to recognize
U.S. neutrality rights in exchange for U.S. goods. The embargo, however, hurt the American economy
more than it did Britain’s or France’s, leading to the act’s repeal in March 1809.

Front 2

Marbury V Madison

Back 2

In this 1803 case, Chief Justice John Marshall ruled that the Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional because Congress had overstepped its bounds in granting the Supreme Court the power to issue a writ of mandamus (an ultimatum from the court) to any officer of the United States. This ruling established the principle of judicial review. Marbury's pay was cut.

Front 3

Louisiana Purchase Treaty

Back 3

Territory purchased from Napolean by the U.S. in 1803. The Louisiana Purchase nearly doubled the size
of the nation and opened the West to exploration and settlement. But the new aquisition also caused
strife: border disputes with foreign powers as well as congressional debates over the admission of new
states from the region (whether the states would be slave-holding or free).

Front 4

Robert Livingston

Back 4

In 1801, President Jefferson appointed Robert Livingston resident minister at the court of Napoleon. It was he who negotiated the Louisiana Purchase from the French. For 15 million

Front 5

Tecumseh

Back 5

40 A Shawnee chief who tried to unite Native American tribes in Ohio and Indiana to thwart white
settlement. His forces were defeated in the 1811 Battle of Tippecanoe. Tecumseh later allied with the
British during the War of 1812.

Front 6

The Prophet

Back 6

Was Tecumseh's brother Tenskwatawa. He concluded that Indians must stop the expansion of Americans on the fronter to they banded together a confederacy of tribes/ They were to also avoid western influence likes clothes and culture. Was also the reason battle of Tippecanoe and lost the battle against Harrison.

Front 7

Zebulon Pike

Back 7

Was an explorer that trekked to the headwaters of the Mississippi River in 1805-1806. Then in 1807 he explored the southern portion of the Louisiana Terriotry, where found the Colorado Peak and named it after himself.

Front 8

John Marshall

Back 8

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from 1801 until his death in 1835. Under Marshall’s leadership, the
Court became as powerful a federal force as the executive and legislative branches. Marshall’s most
notable decision came in the 1803 Marbury v. Madison case, in which he asserted the principle of
judicial review.

Front 9

Meriwether Lewis and William Clark

Back 9

The two were commissioned by Thomas Jefferson to explore the
newly acquired Louisiana Purchase. They traveled 3,000 miles between 1804 and 1806, collecting
scientific data and specimens and charting the territory to the west of the Mississippi. Their journey
spurred national interest in exploration and settlement of the West.

Front 10

Henry Clay

Back 10

As Speaker of the House, Henry Clay was a prominent War Hawk, pushing for expansion and war with Britain.

Front 11

Judicial review

Back 11

Established by Chief Justice John Marshall in Marbury v. Madison (1803). The principle of judicial review held that the Supreme Court could declare an act of Congress unconstitutional.

Front 12

War Hawks

Back 12

People who wanted to go to war with Britain and have the war of 1812

Front 13

Macon's Bill No.2

Back 13

James Madison’s 1810 ploy to induce either Britain or France to lift trade restrictions. Under the bill, U.S. trade sanctions were lifted with the promise that if one country agreed to free trade with the U.S., sanctions would be reimposed against the other nation.

Front 14

Judiciary Act of 1789

Back 14

Created the American court system. The act established a federal district court in each state and gave the Supreme Court final jurisdiction in all legal matters.

Front 15

Judiciary Act of 1801

Back 15

It created sixteen new federal judgeships and other judicial offices. To keep the federalists in the government and still have some power. Was later repealed by the Jeffersonians and went to back to 1789

Front 16

Revolution of 1800

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Was the transfer of power from Federalists to Democratic Republicans. The transfer was so peaceful and it was going to back to the spirit of the revolution of 1776. By restoring original American ideas

Front 17

Midnight Judges

Back 17

Were the judges that came to Adam's right before he his term was over. So they were all to sign the federalist papers(laws by the federalists). Which were all later revoked by the new congress under Jefferson.

Front 18

Chesapeake incident

Back 18

Was when the U.S. Frigate the Chesapeake off the coast of Virginia was demanded to give over sailors for deserting. Then the British ship shot at the frigate and caused a rage for war to go across the nation

Front 19

Non-Intercourse Act

Back 19

After the repeal of the Embargo Act, this 1809 law restricted trade with Britain and France only, opening up trade with all other foreign ports.