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176 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of these has properties closest to that of glass ionomers?
A resin-modified glass ionomer B compomer C composite resin |
A, resin-modified glass ionomer
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True or False, compomers are mostly composite with some glass ionomer
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True
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Which has higher F- release?
glass ionomer or composite resin |
glass ionomer
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Which has higher F- recharge?
glass ionomer or composite resin |
glass ionomer
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Which has higher strength?
glass ionomer or composite resin |
composite resin
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Which has higher wear resistance?
glass ionomer or composite resin |
composite resin
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Which has better esthetics?
glass ionomer or composite resin |
composite resin
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Which has a CTE (coefficient of thermal expansion) very similar to tooth structure?
glass ionomer or composite resin |
glass ionomer
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Which is a 2 component system?
glass ionomer or composite resin |
glass ionomer
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Which type of glass ionomer cement is used for cementation?
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type 1
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Which type of glass ionomer cement is used for intermediate restorations?
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type 2
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Which type of glass ionomer cement is used as a base or liner?
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type 3
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What is the particle size for glass ionomer cement powders?
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15-50 micrometers
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What type of glass is used in the glass ionomer cement powder?
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CaF aluminosilicate
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What is another name for glass ionomer cement?
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polyalkenoate cement
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At what temperature (in C) is the glass ionomer cement powder created?
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1100-1500
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What 4 elements are used for radioopacity in glass ionomer cement?
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La, Ba, Sr, Zn
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What was the liquid in the glass ionomer cement ORIGINALLY?
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polyacrylic acid in water (40-50%)
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What is the liquid in the glass ionomer cement NOW?
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co-polymer of polyacrylic acid with itaconic, maleic or tricarboxylic acid
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The copolymer in the glass ionomer cement liquid...
(increases/decreases) reactivity (increases/decreases) viscosity (increases/decreases) tendency for gelation |
increase reactivity, decrease viscosity, reduces tendency for gelation
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What type of acid is added to the liquid in glass ionomer cement to improve handling and increase working time (but also shortens setting time)
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Tartaric
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The water-settable version of the liquid in the glass ionomer cement is (less/more) viscous and has a (longer/shorter) shelf life and setting time
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less, longer
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What does the acid do as the glass ionomer cement begins to set?
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it leaches Ca, Al, Na, and F out of the glass
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Which 4 elements are leached out of the glass particles via acid etching in the setting reaction of GIs?
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Ca, Al, Na, F
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Of these 4 elements - Ca, Al, Na, F - which two actually react to form cross-linked hydrogel matrix surrounding partially reacted particles?
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Ca, Al
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What does water do to the setting reaction in glass ionomer cement?
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it helps the cross-linked phase "mature"
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During what time frame will water loss in glass ionomer cement setting cause the matrix to desiccate?
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24-48 hrs
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Contamination with water (before it has properly set) does what to the glass ionomer cement?
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dissolves matrix-forming ions
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What is the working time for glass ionomer? Setting time?
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3-5min; 5-9min
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You can prolong working and setting time for glass ionomer by mixing on a (warm/cold) slab
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cold
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Glass ionomers behave like what type of material?
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pseudoplastic
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What is the film thickness of glass ionomer?
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25-35 micrometers
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Glass ionomers are (basic/acidic) on setting
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acidic
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With glass ionomers, excess cement should be removed (before/after) setting or by applying a separating medium (before/after) setting
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before, before
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What is the name for a bond formed by electron donation from TWO or more atoms to a METAL ion, forming a ring
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Chelation bonding
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What is the proposed mechanism of bonding of glass ionomer to tooth structure?
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the polyacrylic acid in glass ionomer bonds with hydroxyapatite
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Glass ionomers (mechanically/chemically) bond to teeth
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chemically
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Do glass ionomers bond more tightly to dentin or enamel?
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enamel
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Fluoride release in glass ionomers are high, but drop to __% of the original value after 1 month
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10%
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The coefficient of thermal expansion of glass ionomers compared to tooth structure is:
A. Higher B. Lower C. Very similar D. Varies depending on bonding temperature |
C. very similar
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When comparing glass ionomer to zinc phosphate, complete these phrases with either SIMILAR, HIGHER, or LOWER:
Glass ionomer compressive strength is ___ to/than Zn phosphate Glass ionomer diametral strength is ___ to/than Zn phosphate Glass ionomer resistance to disintegration is ___ to/than Zn phosphate |
Glass ionomer compressive strength is similar to Zn phosphate
Glass ionomer diametral strength is higher than Zn phosphate Glass ionomer resistance to disintegration is higher than Zn phosphate |
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Glass ionomer has (high/low/no) polymerization shrinkage
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no
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Glass ionomer has (high/low) solubility
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low
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True or false, "packable" material is actually weaker in compressive and flexural strength than traditional GI
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False, stronger in both
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Is glass ionomer chemical or light cured? Or both?
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chemical
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Which is more useful in ART (Atraumatic Restorative Technique), chemical or light-curing?
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chemical
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True or False, glass ionomers CAN be used with bonding agents?
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True
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What is the disadvantage to using bonding agents in glass ionomers?
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it can interfere with fluoride release
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Rank these from best to worst in terms of biocompatability
GI, ZOE, Zn Phosphate |
ZOE - GI - Zn Phosphate
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True or False, glass ionomers are relatively brittle
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True
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Compared to composite resins, glass ionomers have (higher/lower) compressive strength, (higher/lower) tensile strength, (higher/lower) fracture toughness, (higher/lower) resistance to wear
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ALL lower
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How does the elastic modulus of glass ionomer compare to Zn Phosphate?
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it is HALF of the EM of Zn phosphate
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True or False, glass ionomers reach full strength very quickly
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False, takes time
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About how long must the glass ionomer be kept free of excess moisture?
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24-48 hours
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What three things can be used to protect the margins of glass ionomers while it matures?
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varnish, bonding agent, coating agent
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Glass ionomers are (more/less) esthetic than resins and compomers
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less
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What can happen if a glass ionomer is over-dried?
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it creates post-operative sensitivity
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Glass ionomers have what kind of handling characteristics?
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fair-poor
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True or False, GI are great for cementing all ceramic crowns (Why or why not?)
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False, GI have low elastic modulus
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What is another name for resin-modified glass ionomer cements?
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hybrid ionomer
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What is found in the POWDER of resin-modified glass ionomer cement?
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radioopaque fluoroaluminosilicate glass and catalyst
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What is found in the LIQUID of resin-modified glass ionomer cement?
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modified polyCARBOXYLIC acid containing hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), photoinitiator, activator, water
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True or False, resin-modified glass ionomer cement is dual-cured
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True
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Does resin-modified glass ionomer cement bond chemically or mechanically?
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chemically
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Compared to traditional GI, resin-modified glass ionomer cement have:
(higher/lower) compressive, tensile, and flexural strength (higher/lower) fracture toughness (higher/lower) bond strength (more/less) moisture sensitivity (better/worse) wear resistance |
Higher, higher, higher, less, better
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Resin-modified glass ionomer cement, in general, have (poor/good) handling characteristics
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good
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About how thick is the film in resin-modified glass ionomer cement?
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25 micrometers
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Is resin-modified glass ionomer cement less or more technique sensitive than resins?
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less
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Resin-modified glass ionomer cement has (better/worse) F- release than traditional GI
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worse
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The coefficient of thermal expansion of resin-modified glass ionomer cement is (higher/lower) than tooth structure
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higher
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Resin-modified glass ionomer cement release what? (hint: OTHER than F-)
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HEMA
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True or False, like GI, resin-modified glass ionomer cement also need good moisture control
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True
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True or False, resin-modified glass ionomer cement are good under ceramic crowns
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False
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The word compomer is a combination of what two words? (Khajotia joke: It is not a combination of computer and Homer Simpson... come on guys I am joking!)
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COMPosite resin, glass ionOMER
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Compomers are best in (high/low) stress bearing situations
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low
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Compomers are good in what class of restorations?
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3 and 5
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True or false, compomers are either chemical or dual-cured
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True
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NEWER compomers can be used in more stress-bearing cavity preps such as Class _ and _
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1, 2
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True or False, compomers can be used a luting cements and as a base/liner
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True
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What type of restorative material is commonly used in pediatric and geriatric patients?
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compomers
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Which restorative material contains carboxylic acid modified dimethacrylate?
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compomers
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True or False, compomers contain fluoroaluminosilicate glass
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True (note: so do GI's and resin-modified GI's)
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An acid-base reaction occurs in compomers after the addition of what?
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water
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Are compomers a 1 or 2 paste system?
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1
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compomers have a (fast/slow) setting time
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fast
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compomers are relatively (insoluble/soluble)
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insoluble
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compomers bond (chemically/mechanically) to teeth
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mechanically
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compomers (do/do not) require a bonding agent
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do (because they don't chemically bond on their own)
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What generation of restorative system usually has low bond strengths to compomers?
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6th gen, type 1
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compomers should be placed:
A. in increments B. all at once C. against the walls, then the center D. it is flexible, it won't matter |
A. increments
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compomers fluoride release is (better/worse) than GI and resin-modified GI
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worse
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compomers have (better/worse) fluoride recharge than GI or resin-modified GI
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worse
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What does acid and amylase do to fluoride release in compomers?
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decreases it even more
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Coefficient of thermal expansion of compomers is (higher/lower) than tooth
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higher
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What is the polymerization shrinkage of compomers? (in %vol)
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2.0-2.5%vol
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Is it high or low viscosity compomers that have LOWER bond strengths and POORER wear resistance?
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low viscosity
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Overall, compomers are mechanically (better/worse) than resin composites
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worse
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True or False, compomers work very well in pulp-capping and core build-ups under ceramic crowns
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False!!!
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About how many shades are available for compomers?
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12
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Why are compomers less polishable then microfilled composite resins?
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compomers have larger particles
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What is the color stability like for compomers?
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moderate-poor over time
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High-strength cement bases provide mechanical support for ___ and thermal protection for ___
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restorations, pulp
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What is the thickness of high-strength cement bases?
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> (or = to) .5mm
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The thickness of ___ is an important factor in high-strength cement bases
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dentin
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What 5 things can high-strength cement bases be made from?
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GI, hybrid GI, reinforced ZOE, Zn phosphate, Zn polycarboxylate
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high-strength cement bases use a (higher/lower) powder to liquid ratio than luting cements
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higher
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True or false, mechanical properties of high-strength cement bases are better than luting cements
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True
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Low strength cement bases serve what purpose?
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barrier against chemical irritation, soothes pulp
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What 3 things can low strength cement bases be made from?
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calcium hydroxide, GI, ZOE
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What does ZOE stand for?
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Zinc Oxide-Eugenol
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True or False, ZOE can be used as a permanent cement
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False, it is "long-term", but NOT permanent
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What is the composition of the powder in zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE)?
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69% Zn ox, 29% rosin, Zn stearate, Zn acetate
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What is the role of rosin in zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE)?
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reduces brittleness
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What is the role of Zn stearate in zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE)?
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plasticizer
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What is the role of Zn acetate in zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE)?
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increases strength
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What is the role of the oils in zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE)?
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plasticizer
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What is the origin of the eugenol in zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE)?
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from oil of cloves (what is this Hogwarts...?)
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zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) should be mixed on a (warm/cool) and (wet/dry) slab
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cool, dry
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In zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE), excess cement is removed (before/after) setting
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after
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True or False, water is a by-product of zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE)
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True, (also initiates the reaction!)
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In zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE), a (higher/lower) temp, (higher/lower) humidity, and (higher/lower) powder/liquid ratio all can accelerate setting
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ALL higher
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True or False, zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) has a sedative or palliative effect on dentin
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True
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zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) forms a (good/poor) seal with the tooth structure
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good
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What is the pH of zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) at the time of placement?
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7 (neutral)
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What is a residual benefit of zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) in terms of dentin?
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It may stimulate formation of reparative dentin
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True or False, zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) has residual leakage of eugenol
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True (can cause allergies)
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Why can zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) not be used before application of restorative resins?
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it inhibits free-radical polymerization
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The mechanical properties of zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) are (better/worse) than luting cements
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worse
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zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) has (good/poor) abrasion resistance
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poor
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zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) performs (well/poorly) in terms of disintegration in oral fluids
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poorly
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improved zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) has what 2 possible powder compositions?
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80% Zn oxide coated w/ carboxylic acid and 20-40% metyl methacrylate particles OR 70% Zn oxide and 30% alumina
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improved zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) has what 2 possible liquid compositions?
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eugenol and other oils OR 37.5% eugenol, 62.5% ethoxy-benzoic acid (EBA)
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Noneugenol products contain what acid instead of eugenol?
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carboxylic acid
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Noneugenol products contain what 5 components other than carboxylic acid?
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ZnO, aromatic oil, petroleum jelly, oleic acid, and beeswax
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What type of cement has the poorest mechanical properties of all of them?
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ZOE
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Improved zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) has (better/worse) overall mechanical properties than regular ZOE
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better
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Noneugenol products set (faster/slower) and (do/ do not) inhibit resin polymerization
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slower, do not (remember, products WITH eugenol inhibit resin polymerization)
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What is the main issue with improved zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) materials?
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they are hard to remove
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acrylic resin cement powder contains what?
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methyl methacrylate polymer OR copolymer w/benzoyl peroxide
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acrylic resin cement liquid contains what?
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methyl methacrylate monomer w/amine accelerator
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modified acrylic resin cement is the same as regular acrylic resin cement with the addition of what?
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4-META (helps it bond to other materials, it's an adhesion promoter)
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Dimethacyate cements are used for what types of restorations?
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crowns, bridges, inlays, veneers
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acrylic resin cements are used for what type of restorations?
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cementation of veneers, restorations, and temporary crowns
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True or False, dimethacrylate cements are available in light, chemical, or dual-cured
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True
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True or false, resin cements have high toughness and fracture resistance beyond all other cements
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True!
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Resins have (high/low) oral solubility
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low
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Resins have (good/poor) retention under ceramic restorations
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good
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Elastic modulus of resins is (higher/lower) than Zn phosphate
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lower (this is bad!)
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Why can't resins be used as base cements?
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they aren't as rigid as other cements
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Resins have relatively (thin/thick) films
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thick
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Excess flash should be removed when with resin cements?
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after seating the restoration but NOT after polymerization
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What are the two ways to classify resin cements?
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1. according to mechanism of interaction w/smear layer
2. according to method polymerization |
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Rank these systems from high to low strength
self-adhesive self-etching etch-and-rinse |
etch-and-rinse > self-etching > self adhesive
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What are the three classifications of curing?
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light, chemical, dual (light + chemical)
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What is the brand name for calcium hydroxide cement?
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Cavit
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Rank the hardness of these three products:
Cavit, Cavit-G, Cavit-W |
Cavit > Cavit-W > Cavit-G
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Which of these is used as a liner?
Cavit Cavit-G Cavit-W |
Cavit
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Which of these is used as direct or indirect pulp capping?
Cavit Cavit-G Cavit-W Cavit-LC |
Cavit-W, Cavit-LC
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Which of these is used a temp filling of inlay preparations?
Cavit Cavit-G Cavit-W Cavit-LC |
Cavit-G
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Which of these contains ZnO, Zn sulfate, Ca sulfate, and Ba sulfate?
Cavit Cavit-G Cavit-W Cavit-LC |
Cavit, Cavit-W, Cavit-G
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What combines with the components in calcium hydroxide cements to initiate setting reaction?
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water
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calcium hydroxide cements are (radiopaque/radiolucent)
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radiopaque
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What are the components of Cavit-LC?
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methacrylate co-monomers, camphoroquinone initiator, pyrogenic silica and strontium glass fillers, complex fluoride
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What does calcium hydroxide cement do for dentin?
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stimulates formation of reparative dentin
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What type of calcium hydroxide cement contains Ca(OH)2?
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liners
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What are the components of calcium hydroxide cement BASE paste?
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Ca tungstate, Ca phosphate, ZnO in glycol salicylate
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What are the components of calcium hydroxide cement CATALYST paste?
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Ca hydroxide, ZnO, Zn stearate
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What are the main uses of cavity varnish?
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protect dentin from chemicals such as the pH of Zn phosphate || minimize microleakage of new amalgams and seal dentinal tubules
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The following describe what material?
natural gum, rosin, organic solvent |
cavity varnish
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What are 3 examples of organic solvents used in cavity varnishes?
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acetone, chloroform, ether
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cavity varnishes canNOT be used under what two restorative matierals? Why not?
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GI or restorative resins; interferes with polymerization
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What are the relative thermal and mechanical properties of cavity varnishes?
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None, very thin film
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What material(s) can be used as a gingival tissue pack?
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ZOE
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What material(s) can be used as periodontal dressing?
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ZOE, Zn oxide preparation
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What material(s) can be used as root canal sealers?
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ZOE, GI, resin cements
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What material(s) can be used to cement ortho brackets?
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resin cements, bonding agents, hybrid ionomers, Zn phosphate
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