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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Anabolism
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The sum total of all processes in an organism which use energy and simple chemical building blocks to produce large chemicals and structures necessary for life
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Abiogenesis
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The theory that, long ago, very simple life forms spontaneously appeared through random chemical reactions
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Asexual reproduction
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Reproduction accomplished by a single organism
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Autotrophs
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Organisms that are able to make their own food
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Binomial nomenclature
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Naming an organism with its genus and species name
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Catabolism
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processes in an organism which break down chemicals to produce energy and simple chemical building blocks
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Carnivores
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Organisms that eat only organisms other than plants
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Consumers
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Organisms that eat living producers and/or other consumers for food
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Decomposers
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Organisms that break down the dead remains of other organisms
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Eukaryotic cell
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A cell with distinct, membrane-bound organelles
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Herbivores
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Organisms that eat plants exclusively
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Heterotrophs
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Organisms that depend on other organisms for their food
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Hypothesis
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An educated guess that attempts to explain an observation or answer a question
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Inheritance
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The process by which physical and biological characteristics are transmitted from the parent (or parents) to the offspring
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Metabolism
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The process by which a living organism takes energy from its surroundings and uses it to sustain itself, develop, and grow
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Microorganisms
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Living creatures that are too small to see with the naked eye
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Mutation
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An abrupt and marked difference between offspring and parent
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Omnivores
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Organisms that eat both plants and other organisms
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Photosynthesis
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The process by which a plant uses the energy of sunlight and certain chemicals to produce its own food. Oxygen is often a by-product of photosynthesis
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Producers
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Organisms that produce their own food
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Prokaryotic cell
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A cell that has no distinct, membrane-bound organelles
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Scientific law
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A theory that has been tested by and is consistent with generations of data
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Sexual reproduction
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Reproduction that requires two organisms, a male and a female
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Receptors
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Special structures or chemicals that allow living organisms to sense the conditions of their surroundings
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Species
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A unit of one or more populations of individuals that can reproduce under normal conditions, produce fertile offspring, and are reproductively isolated from other such units
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Taxonomy
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The science of classifying organisms
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Theory
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A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data
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