Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
definition of respiration the entire _____ of exchanging _____ between the atmosphere and body _____.
|
process, gases, cells
|
|
definition of ventilation moving ___ into and ____of the ____.
|
air, in/out, lungs
|
|
cellular respiration- using ____ to metabolize ______ which produces ___.
|
Oxygen, glucose, carbon dioxide.
|
|
mucous membranes have 3 functions. name them
|
Warm, moisten, clean the air
|
|
Inspiration is breathing ___. It is an active process. the ____ and intercostal muscles expand the volume of the ____. and air is drawn ___ the lungs. For a gas, as volume goes up, pressure goes ____.
|
out, diaphragm, thorax, into, down.
|
|
Expiration is a ____ process. it depends on ______ recoil, and surface _______. (which is like a water bubble, the water doesn't like being separated from the the water molecule, it wants to pop and be together.)
|
passive. elastic recoil, surface tension.
|
|
________ pleura is attached to _____wall. ________pleura is attached to _____ tissue.
|
parietal, chest wall, visceral-lung tissue
|
|
trachea is the tube that brings ___ into the ______. It divides into a Right and Left _______. which divide and divide until they turn into ________ which have air sacs at the end called ________.
|
air, lungs. bronchi, bronchioles, aveolis.
|
|
aveolus constructed of single layer of ________ cells. Aveoli cupped by net of capillaries which are also single layer of _____calls.
|
squamous, squamous.
|
|
Aveolus should collapse due to surface tension based on laws of physics, but they don't because of a cell in the aveoli that secretes _______ which allows the aveoli to remain open at atmospheric pressure.
|
surfactant.
|
|
Fick's law
|
the greater the area the more gas that can pass thru. Thinner membrane=more gas. More surface area=more gas.
|
|
How do we measure gas?
|
Partial pressure, measure quantity or concentration.
|
|
5 lung lobes ___on right and ___ on left.
|
3 on rt, 2 on left.
|
|
Nomal resting Tidal volume is about ____mL.
|
500
|
|
Spirometry is a measurement of the volume of ____ inspired and ______ over time.
|
Gas, inspired/expired.
|
|
FEV1 is the volume of gas that can be ________ expired in 1 second.
|
Forcefully
|
|
Anatomic dead space is air in the ______ that is not available for gas exchange.
|
Tubes
|
|
Alveolar dead space is an _________ that is full of air but has no ________ supply so the air is not available for exchange.
|
Aveoli, no blood supply
|
|
Physiologic dead space is ________ dead space + ________ dead space.
|
anatomic+aveolar
|
|
Minute ventilation is the amount of air that is moved ____ and ___ in one breath X the number of breaths per minute. Or Tidal volume X respiratory rate norm TV X RR = what?
|
IN, OUT, TV=.5, RR=20 =10
|
|
Aveolar ventilation is minute ventilation – ________ dead space.
|
Physiologic
|
|
Chemoreceptors two types, 1 Central in the _____ _______, sense the pressure of ____. If high, respiration increases. If low, respiration decreases. 2. Peripheral in the ______ and _____ Body, sense the pressure of ___.
|
medulla oblongate, CO2. Carotid and Arotic body, O2.
|
|
Gas transport: O2 and CO2. CO2 is transport in 3 ways. 1_____________. 2 attached to ____. 3 as _____ (this accounts for 70%. what is the chemical reaction.
|
dissolved, hgb, HCO3- (bicarbonate)
CO2+H2O------H2CO3-----H+ + HCO3- |
|
gas transport: 02 and CO2. O2 is carried by ____. In a healthy person aveoli are ____% saturated, in the tissues it drops off to about ___%. Hgb picks up O2 at ____concentrations and unloads it at ___ concentrations.
|
Hgh, 100, 72, high, low.
|
|
Inspiration takes work muscles of the ________ pushes down and muscles of the _____ push up.
|
Diaphragm, ribs
|
|
Breathing also called ________ is movement of ____ from _______________________ to the _____ and from the _______ to the __________________________________. It involves _________ (breathing in) and ___________ breathing out.
|
Ventilation, air, outside the body to the aveoli, and from the aveoli to the outside of the body. Inspiration, and expiration.
|
|
Goblet cells are like single celled ______-______ glands.
|
Mucus-secreting
|