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A reads text to speech;
31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the auditory pathways? |
Brainstem
Thalamus Primary auditory cortex |
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What structures are in the PAC? |
Herschl's gyri - lateral fissure of temporal lobes |
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What is contained within Herschl's gyri? |
A tonotopic map |
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What is a tonotopic map? |
Arrangement of frequency bands in Heschl’s gyri that interpret bits of sounds in terms of pitch, duration, course & volume
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What is is Wernicke's area? |
Secondary or higher auditory processing area
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What structures make up Wernicke's area? |
Left temporal-parietal region
superior temporal gyrus superior temporal sulcus middle temporal gyrus |
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What does Wernicke's area do? |
Words are integrated into phrases and sentences
Language comprehension |
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What is hemispheric asymmetry? |
In most R handed people the LH is dominant for speech
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What does the L planum temporale do? |
larger & processes speech sounds
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What does the R planum temporale do?
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smaller & processes environmental, non-speech sounds
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Such as? |
Melody in music
Speech intonation – prosody (syllables, large units of speech) Emotion |
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What is Broca's area responsible for? And where is it? |
Language production
Lies adjacent to facial area of motor cortex |
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What are the inferior frontal gyri responsible for? And where are they? |
Premotor area
Responsible for preparation of speech into grammatically correct, semantically sound output before it is articulated by the motor strip |
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Where is the Arcuate Fasciculus and what does it do? |
Premotor area
Responsible for preparation of speech into grammatically correct, semantically sound output before it is articulated by the motor strip |
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Where is the Supramarginal gyrus and what does it do?
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In the parietal lobes adjacent to WA
Assist in reading comprehension by integrating visual information from occipital lobes & spatial information from parietal lobes with auditory information |
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What is the angular gyrus and what does it do? |
Plays role in reading comprehensionMatches phonemes to graphemes (sounds to words)
Also at least partially responsible for understanding metaphors |
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What language component parts are dependent on the angular gyrus? |
Reading & writing |
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What do aphasias not include? |
Developmental disorders of language (dysphasia)
Purely motor speech disorders, limited to articulation of speech via the oral-motor apparatus (stuttering, dysarthria) Disorders of language that are secondary to primary thought disorders (schizophrenia) |
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What are the 6 language component parts? |
Reading Writing Comprehension Repetition Naming Production |
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What is spontaneous output? |
Is the person fluent? If you can count the number of words a person is producing, then they are not fluent |
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When are you likely to see a fluent aphasia? |
With lesions posterior to central sulcus tend to result in fluent aphasias |
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When are you likely to see a non-fluent aphasia?
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With lesions anterior to central sulcus tend to result in fluent aphasias
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What characterises fluent speech? |
Abundant output 100-200 words per minuteFlowing
Normal prosody Relatively good articulation Normal phrase length 5-8 words per phrase Hugely lacking in substantive words Frequent paraphasias |
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What characterises non-fluent speech?
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Scarce output <50 words/minute
Difficulty with articulation Dysprosody Short sentence length ~one word Meaningful words only no articles or prepositions |
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What is a paraphasia? |
The production of unintended syllables, words, or phrases during the effort to speak.
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What are the fluent aphasias? |
Wernickes Transcortical Sensory Conduction Anomic |
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What are the non-fluent aphasias?
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Global Mixed Transcortical Brocas Transcortical motor |
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Which aphasics comprehend? |
Brocas Transcortical Motor Conduction Anomic |
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Which aphasics do not comprehend? |
Wernickes Transcortical Sensory Global Mixed Transcortical |
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Which aphasics can repeat? |
Mixed Transcortical Transcortical Sensory Transcortical Motor Anomic |
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Which aphasics cannot repeat?
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Brocas Wernickes Global Conduction |
