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50 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
T/F: The outer covering of the kidney is called the fibrous capsule.
True
Urine travels through the medullary pyramid and drains out the renal papillae into which of the following structures?
Minor calyx
What structure plays a major role in forming concentrated urine and regulating blood pressure?
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
T/F: The renal arteries transport blood to the kidneys.
True
What type of epithelium lines the bladder?
Transitional epithelium
T/F: the right kidney sits lower than the left kidney.
True
T/F: Urine formation has no effect on blood pressure.
False
What is the term used to describe the outer layer of the kidney?
Cortex
The functional unit of the kidney is called the,
Nephron
Lack of voluntary control over the external sphincter is called,
Incontinence
What is the term used to describe the condition when the fatty structure which surrounds the kidney can no longer hold the kidney in place and the kidney drops to a more inferior position?
Nephroptosis (Ptosis)
What structure lies b/w the pct and the dct?
Loop of Henle
What substances are found in the ultrafiltrate in the Bowman's capsule?
Amino acids, glucose, sodium (not Erythrocytes).
What stuctures are part of the glomerular filtration apparatus?
Podocytes, Glomerular capillary wall, basement membrane (not parietal layer of Bowman's capsule).
What vessel is responsible for transporting blood into the renal corpuscle?
Afferent arteriole
What mechanisms occur along the length of the nephron?
Glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion.
What structures is found in the medulla?
Medullary pyramids
T/F: The Collecting duct runs through the medulla.
True
The peritubular capillary bed arises from which of the following vessels?
Efferent arteriole
What is the summation of the renal corpuscle?
Bowman's capsule and glomerulus
What is the name of the muscle found in the bladder wall?
Detrusor muscle
In males, what are the divisions of the urethra?
Prostatic urethra, Membranous urethra, and Spongy urethra
What is the more technical term that refers to urination?
Micturation
What is the name of the structure that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder?
Ureter
What is another name for the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule?
Podocytes
What is the first step in urine formation?
Glomerular filtration
Glomerular filtration occurs in which of the following areas?
Renal corpuscle
Where is the primary site at which tubular secretion occurs?
Collecting duct
What substances are reabsorbed in the Loop of Henle.
Sodium, Potassium, and water
What substances are reabsorbed in the DCT?
Water, sodium, calcium
What hormone increases water reabsorption in the DCT and collecting duct?
Anti-diuretic hormone
Where is the primary site for H+ secretion into the liver?
Collecting duct
What areas of the nephron is water reabsorption impermeable?
Ascending portion of the Loop of Henle
In a juextamedullary nephron, what is the osmolarity of the urine found at the turn in the Loop of Henle?
1200 mOsm
What affects the glomerular filtration rate?
Blood pressure, heart rate, thickness of the basement membrane.
In a cortical nephron, what is the concentration of urine at the turn in the Loop of Henle?
900 mOsm
What is inserted into cells in the collecting duct to increase water reabsorption?
Aquaporin pores
T/F: All substances that are found in the ultrafiltrate in the Renal corpuscle are reabsorbed.
False
T/F: Hormonal control of the nephron occurs primarily in the PCT and the loop of Henle.
False
Cortical nephrons play a critical role in the formation of concentrated urine.
False
T/F: HCO3- is a buffer found in extracellular fluid.
True
What are the proper excretion forms for H+ ions?
Pure H+ in the urine, H2PO4-, and NH4+
T/F: Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH/ vasopressin) is a steroid hormone.
False
T/F: Aldosterone is a steriod hormone.
True
What are the 3 glands of the salivary gland?
Submandibular, sublingual, parotid
How many primary baby teeth do you have?
20
T/F: Digestion of food begins in the mouth following the addition of salivary enzymes.
True
The muscularis mucosae is part of which layer in the digestive tract?
Mucosa
What phase of digestion is activated by sight, smell, and thought of food?
Cephalic
What cell type is responsible for producing hydrochloric acid?
parietal cell