Ap World History Chapter 12 Study Guide

Front 1

The period of political disorder and chaotic warfare that followed the Qin-Han era is referred to as the...

Back 1

Sui Dynasty

Front 2

Who ruled much of China during this period, and what religion eclipsed Confucian teaching?

Back 2

Emperor Wuzong and Buddhism

Front 3

The Dynasty that ended the period of political chaos after the fall of the Qin- Han was the...

Back 3

Song Dynasty

Front 4

Despite problems during the Han Dynasty, what still protected them from invaders?

Back 4

The Great Wall of China

Front 5

What made possible the rapid revival of empire under the Tang?

Back 5

examination system

Front 6

The man responsible for the creation of the Sui Dynasty is...

Back 6

Wendi

Front 7

What made the reunification of China under the first Sui emperor possible?

Back 7

rebuilding the bureaucracy

Front 8

What was the primary reform enacted during the reign of the first Sui emperor?

Back 8

lowering taxes

Front 9

Unlike his father, the second Sui emperor favored what group?

Back 9

Confucian Scholar-Gentry

Front 10

What led to the downfall of the Sui Dynasty?

Back 10

Yangdi worked the people to hard, and they revolted

Front 11

Who was the founder of the Tang Dynasty?

Back 11

Li Yuan

Front 12

What were the accomplishments of the Tang Dynasty?

Back 12

The grand canal, rebuilding the bureaucracy, technological innovation

Front 13

What was the attitude of the Tang emperors towards the Confucian Scholar-Gentry? Who did this hurt?

Back 13

they supported the Confucian teachings, this threatened the old aristocratic families and the Buddhist monastic orders

Front 14

What ministry of the central imperial government was responsible for the administration of the examination system?

Back 14

Ministry of Rites

Front 15

The title of "jinshi" was reserved for those who?

Back 15

passed the examination system

Front 16

Although the examination system still existed, how did some get high office?

Back 16

Birthright/ family connections

Front 17

Members of the elite class of China were more attracted to what variant of Buddhism?

Back 17

Chan variant of buddhism

Front 18

Explain the teachings of Pure Land Buddhism.

Back 18

provided refuge in an age of war and turmoil

Front 19

What Tang ruler actually attempted to have Buddhism recognized as a state religion?

Back 19

Empress Wu

Front 20

What proved to be the most damaging attack on Buddhism's popularity with the people during the early Tang Dynasty?

Back 20

Confucian Scholar administration convenced tang rulers that Buddhism passed an economic challenge.

Front 21

In what decade did open the persecution of Buddhism within the Chinese Empire began?

Back 21

9th century

Front 22

What was the result of the imperial attempt to suppress Buddhism within the Chinese Empire?

Back 22

Buddhist monasteries/ shrines were destroyed

Front 23

What was the impact on Confucian of the Tang repression of the Buddhists?

Back 23

Confucian became the central religion

Front 24

Who was the women who gained influence and power during the later years of the Tang Dynasty?

Back 24

Yang Guifei

Front 25

What were the problems in the last years of the Tang Dynasty?

Back 25

Tang focused too much on military, so lost money, and eventually split into individual states and had many revolts.

Front 26

Who was step founder of the Song Dynasty?

Back 26

Zhao Kuangyin

Front 27

The first Song Emperor restored the unity of China except for what northern dynasty?

Back 27

Liao Dynasty

Front 28

How did the Song Empire compare to the tang in size and power?

Back 28

Song had a weaker political/ military strength than the Tang. Tang was bigger in size.

Front 29

What accounts for the relative weakness of the Song Empire?

Back 29

imperial policy that were designed for the Tang

Front 30

Describe the position of the Scholar-Gentry under the Song Dynasty.

Back 30

Salaries/ luxuries were increased; more people in the civil service exams

Front 31

Who was the most prominent of the Neo-Confucian during the Song era?

Back 31

Zhu Xi

Front 32

Not found

Back 32

Not found

Front 33

Wang Anshi, a prime minister in the 1070s and 1080s attempted to reform the Song government on the basis of what Confucian school of thought?

Back 33

Legalist Assumption

Front 34

What were the reforms introduced by Wang Anshi in the face of conservative opposition?

Back 34

cheap loans, irrigation projects, taxation to higher classes, mercenaries in the army, reorganized universities. reoriented examination systems

Front 35

What caused the flight of the Song Dynasty from their capital in northern China?

Back 35

economic condition retreat, peasants unrest grew

Front 36

Why was the construction of the Grand Canal necessary?

Back 36

it linked the north and south for trade

Front 37

Describe the economic development during the period of commercial expansion during the Tang and Song Dynasties.

Back 37

canal extended trade, silk routes opened, paper money introduced, flying money used , junks aided trade, artisan production increased

Front 38

Describe the spread of growth of cities and urban areas during the Tang-Song Dynasties.

Back 38

spread of commoners and increase of population to feed urban growth

Front 39

What was the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty?

Back 39

Hangzhou

Front 40

What were the results of the agricultural policies of the Sui and Tang Emperors?

Back 40

used to break up estates and distribute land more equally between peasants of the Empire

Front 41

Who produced most of Chinese landscape painting in this period?

Back 41

well trained amateurs

Front 42

What is foot binding and in what way did it serve to diminish the independence of Chinese women by the end of the Song era?

Back 42

Chinese practice for shrinking, disaffirming feet, hindered them from walking.

Front 43

What were technological innovations of the Tang-Song era?

Back 43

ships, canals, banks, paper money

Front 44

Which intellectual school was responsible for the production of most literary and artistic works during the Tang-Song era?

Back 44

ministry of public works

Front 45

What group was responsible for the fall of the southern Song Dynasty in 1279?

Back 45

Mongols

Front 46

What was the difference between primary marriages of the upper and lower classes?

Back 46

only upper class could afford extended family households

Front 47

Describe the status of women in this Tang-Song era.

Back 47

subordinate to men, but upper class had opportunities for personal expression, no real education

Front 48

What artisan was responsible for the development of the movable type?

Back 48

Bi Sheng

Front 49

The outstanding poet of the tang era is...

Back 49

Li Bo

Front 50

During the Song Dynasty the interest of Confucian intellects in nature were most apparent in their production of?

Back 50

art/ literature