Study Guide Chapters 28-32

Front 1

The author of the Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen was _____________________________.

Back 1

Marie Gouze, aka Olympe de Gouges

Front 2

In response to the Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen, ___________. (p. 621)

Back 2

Marie Gouze was executed for being friends with Marie Antoinette and for constantly promoting women's rights. the revolutionary leaders ignored women's rights and considered her appeal a publicity stunt.

Front 3

The revolutions of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century helped to spread Enlightenment ideals and _____________________________.

Back 3

Encouraged the consolidation of national states

Front 4

Revolutionaries of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century _________________________________. (p. 622)

Back 4

spread enlightenment, freedom and equality and popular sovereignty, and extended political power to white males.

Front 5

The author of the Second Treatise of Civil Government was _______________________________. (p. 623)

Back 5

John Locke

Front 6

Which of the following was NOT one of John Locke’s main ideas? (p. 623)

Back 6

His main ideas were: government arose in the remote past when people decided to form together to appoint rulers to protect their common interests; individuals granted political rights to their rulers but reserved personal rights to life, liberty and property; and any rulers who violated these rights was subject to deposition (subjects who withdrew their consent to be governed could remove rulers)
Choices: (e is not one of his ideas)
that governments were a result of a social contract between rulers and ruled
b. that subjects had the right to remove their ruler
c. that rulers derived their authority from the consent of those they governed
d. that individuals retained personal rights to life, liberty, and property
e. that although kings did have divine sanction, their subjects maintained personal rights

Front 7

5. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, in his The Social Contract, argued that in every country the sovereign voice of government _______________.

Back 7

Was members of society acting collectively.

Front 8

Which of the following was NOT one of the basic ideals of the Enlightenment thinkers? (p. 623-624)

Back 8

Equality for women was not one of their basic ideals.

Front 9

After the end of the Seven Years’ War, (p. 624)

Back 9

The British dominated global trade and British possessions would prosper; meanwhile, the colonists grew more and more frustrated with Britain’s taxes and control over them.

Front 10

The main slogan for the colonies in the years leading up to the American revolution was ________________________.

Back 10

No taxation without representation

Front 11

The guiding principles of the French revolution are summed up in the phrase ___________________________.
(p. 624, 628))

Back 11

Liberty equality fraternity (brotherhood)

Front 12

The Declaration of Independence’s contractual view of political structure in which the government drew its authority from “the consent of the governed” was influenced by (p. 625)

Back 12

Locke

Front 13

Which of the following was NOT one of the principles built into the government of the newly formed American state? (p. 627)

Back 13

Equality of all inhabitants (women and slaves not considered equal)

Front 14

The leaders of the French revolution ___________.

Back 14

Called for a complete reorganizing of French political, social, and cultural structures

Front 15

The ancien regime was the _______. (p. 627)

Back 15

Old order that revolutionaries wanted to replace with new political, social and cultural structures.

Front 16

On June 17th, 1789, members of the third estate seceded from the Estates General and declared themselves to be the ______________________________.

Back 16

National Assembly

Front 17

In August 1789, that same group expressed the guiding principles of the French revolution by issuing ________________________________.

Back 17

the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen

Front 18

The leaders of the Convention hoped to hold off invading counterrevolutionary forces by (p. 629)

Back 18

Calling for the Levee en masse

Front 19

The most radical period of the French revolution was reached during the leadership of ___________, who was known as ___________________. (p. 629)

Back 19

Robespierre, The incorruptible

Front 20

During the rule of the Directory, (p. 629)

Back 20

The French Revolution moved in a more pragmatic direction

Front 21

Napoleon’s Civil Code (p. 630)

Back 21

Affirmed the political and legal equality of all adult men and established a merit based society in which individuals qualified for education and employment because of talent rather than birth or social standing.

Front 22

The turning point in Napoleon’s career was his disastrous 1812 invasion of __________________.

Back 22

Russia

Front 23

Napoleon’s final defeat occurred at ______. (p. 631)

Back 23

Waterloo

Front 24

The only successful slave revolt in history took place in _____________________________.

Back 24

Haiti (Saint-Domingue)

Front 25

The leader who was responsible for the success of the Saint-Domingue uprising was_____. (p. 631, 633-634)

Back 25

Toussaint Louverture

Front 26

The creoles of Latin America were influenced by the ideals of the Enlightenment (p. 634)

Back 26

But only wanted to displace the peninsulares and still retain their privileged positions.

Front 27

Colonial rule in Mexico ended in 1821 when the capital was seized by (p. 636)

Back 27

Augustin de Iturbide

Front 28

The goal of Simón Bolívar was to (p. 636)

Back 28

Weld the former Spanish colonies of South America into a confederation like the United States

Front 29

Which of the following revolutionary leaders is NOT correctly linked with his country?

Back 29

Miguel de Hidalgo and Peru

Front 30

The leader who helped lead Brazil to independence was ________________________. (p. 636)

Back 30

Emperor Pedro I

Front 31

Among the leading proponents of conservatism in the eighteenth century was (p. 637)

Back 31

Edmund Burke

Front 32

William Wilberforce (p. 638)

Back 32

Forced a bill through Parliament that ended the slave trade

Front 33

What nineteenth-century English thinker promoted individual freedom, universal suffrage, taxation of high personal income, and an extension of the rights of freedom and equality to women? (p. 637)

Back 33

John Stuart Mill

Front 34

The author of A Vindication of the Rights of Woman was __________________.

Back 34

Mary Wollstonecraft

Front 35

The organizer of the Seneca Falls conference was _____________________. (p. 639-640)

Back 35

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Front 36

Theodore Herzl was the founder of (p. 642)

Back 36

Zionism

Front 37

The leading conservative politician at the Congress of Vienna was (p. 643)

Back 37

Prince Klemens von Metternich

Front 38

The German leader Otto von Bismarck believed that the great issues of his day would be determined by (p. 645)

Back 38

Blood and Iron

Front 39

The industrial revolution began in _______________________.

Back 39

England (Great Britain)

Front 40

Crucial to industrialization was ____________. (p. 652)
30.

Back 40

Human and animal power being replaced by inanimate sources of energy such as steam and coal

Front 41

The growing demand for cotton cloth in the eighteenth century threatened British (p. 653)
\

Back 41

wool producers

Front 42

The British Calico Acts of 1720 and 1721 (p. 653)

Back 42

Prohibited the importation of cotton cloth

Front 43

The inventor of the flying shuttle, ___________, changed industry, because his invention _______. (p. 653)

Back 43

John Kay

Sped up the process of weaving cloth and increased the demand for yarn or thread.

Front 44

Which of the following was NOT a key feature in the rapid industrialization of Great Britain? (p. 653)

Back 44

Was: coal, coke, proximity to steel and ability to transport, large population, canals, banks (when they were in place, they allowed for start)

Front 45

Edmund Cartwright was responsible for the invention of the (p. 653-654)

Back 45

water driven power loom

Front 46

James Watt invented a more efficient steam pump when he _________________, but his steam engine did not adapt well to transportation uses because ______________________. (p. 654)

Back 46

figured out how to make a piston turn a wheel for rotary motion

It consumed too much coal

Front 47

Cheaper iron was produced after 1709 when British smelters began to use what substance as a fuel? (p. 654)

Back 47

Coke

Front 48

Henry Bessemer’s innovations made it possible to produce cheaper ___________, which increased its use dramatically in the nineteenth century. (p. 654)

Back 48

Steel

Front 49

The first steam-powered locomotive was George Stephenson’s (p. 655)

Back 49

rocket

Front 50

The dominant form of industrial organization by the end of the nineteenth century was (p. 656)

Back 50

factory system

Front 51

The Luddites (p. 656)

Back 51

were craftsmen who destroyed textile machines

Front 52

Interchangeable parts were invented by (p. 659)

Back 52

Eli Whitney

Front 53

Horizontal organization is (p. 659)

Back 53

consolidation or cooperation of independent companies in the same business; sought to ensure the prosperity of their members by absorbing competitors, fixing prices, regulating production, or dividing up markets -- AKA CARTELS

Front 54

In America the petroleum monopoly, Standard Oil Company, was owned by (p. 659)

Back 54

John D. Rockefeller

Front 55

Beginning in the nineteenth century, industrializing lands experienced a social change known as the demographic transition when (p. 662)

Back 55

the fertility rate began a marked decline

Front 56

Marx and Engels, who wrote the Manifesto of the Communist Party, proposed that capitalism divided people into two classes. The classes were (p. 669)

Back 56

capitalists and the proletariat

Front 57

Marx and Engels suggested that music, art, and literature (p.

Back 57

served the purposes of the capitalists because they diverted the workers from their misery

Front 58

Marx and the communists believed that private property

Back 58

should be abolished

Front 59

Marx and Engels believed that the final result of the socialist revolution would be the (p. 669)

Back 59

a dictatorship of the proletariat

Front 60

According to the Manifesto of the Communist Party, all of human history had been a history of (p. 669)

Back 60

class struggle

Front 61

In the late nineteenth century, Germany led European countries in the movement to (p. 670-671)

Back 61

many social reforms (retirement pensions, minimum wage laws, insurance, work regulations)

Front 62

Throughout most of the 19th century, employers and governments ______. But over the long haul, trade unions ___________. (p. 671)

Back 62

considered trade unions bad and dangerous

They improved the lives of workers

Front 63

Charles Fourier was (p. 668)

Back 63

A French social theorist who Hated competitive market system and called for social changes & utopias and emancipation of women

Front 64

By 1900, which was the largest city in the world? (p. 663)

Back 64

New York (?)

Front 65

Fatt Hing Chin was (p. 677)

Back 65

a fish merchant in china who moved to SF to find gold and eventually opened a restaurant

Front 66

The term “manifest destiny” is associated with what country? (p. 679)

Back 66

the US

Front 67

In 1803, the United States doubled in size, after the Louisiana territory was purchased from (p. 679)

Back 67

France

Front 68

The native Americans who relocated from the eastern woodlands to Oklahoma on the Trail of Tears were the

Back 68

Cherokee

Front 69

The last major native American victory against the United States armed forces came in 1876 at the battle of ______________________.

Back 69

Little Bighorn

Front 70

The last major native American resistance was defeated in 1890 at the battle of ______________________. (p. 680)

Back 70

Wounded Knee creek in South Dakota

Front 71

The main spark for the outbreak of the Mexican-American War in 1845 was the United States’ acceptance of the new state of ______________.

Back 71

Texas

Front 72

In 1848, the United States agreed to pay Mexico $15 million for what was then Texas, California, and New Mexico (today, that territory includes land in the states of Texas, California, New Mexico, AND Arizona) as part of the Treaty of ______________________________. (p. 690-681)

Back 72

Guadalupe Hidalgo

Front 73

Which of the following leaders was committed to the idea of “free soil”? (p. 682)

Back 73

Martin Van Buren

Front 74

Which of the following was NOT one of the chief factors for the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War? (p. 682)

A. The election of Abraham Lincoln
B. The issue of slavery
C. The imperatives of a budding industrial-capitalist system against those of an export-oriented plantation economy
D. The traditional argument between a British or French alliance
E. States' rights as opposed to the federal government's authority

Back 74

WAS: slavery and the cultivation of cotton as a cash crop-isolated south from economic development. Northerners viewed secession as an act of betrayal

D - British/French had nothing to do with the Civil War. That was the Revolutionary war

Front 75

The U.S. Civil War changed character on 1 January 1863, after (p. 682-683)

Back 75

Lincoln signed the Emancipation proclamation

Front 76

Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons for the victory of the northern states in the U.S. Civil War? (p. 682-683)

Back 76

was: emancipation struck at heart of the southern war effort since slaves made up a huge portion of the region's labor force, north brought considerable resources to the war effort- 90% of the country's industrial capacity and 2/3 of its railroad lines

Front 77

The victory of the northern states in the U.S. Civil War meant that (p. 683)

Back 77

slavery ended in the US, the US would remain politically united, and it enhanced the authority of the federal government in the American republic

Front 78

New France passed into British control after (p. 683)

Back 78

the British won the Seven Years' War

Front 79

The U.S. invasion of Canada in the War of 1812 _____________ and ______________. (p. 684)

Back 79

were repelled by Canadians which promoted sense of Canadian pride

anti-US sentiments became a means for covering differences among French/British Canadians

Front 80

Quebec, Ontario, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick were joined together as the Dominion of Canada _______________,

Back 80

in the British North America Act of 1867- each province had its own seat of government, provincial legislature, and lieutenant government representing the British crown

Front 81

and their first prime minister was ___________________. (p. 685)

Back 81

John A. MacDonald

Front 82

Simón Bolívar succinctly summed up the developing political situation in Latin America when he said (p. 685)

Back 82

I fear peace more than war.

Front 83

Who were Caudillos? (p. 687)

Back 83

regional military leaders

Front 84

Who called for regional autonomy in an attempt to reconcile competing interests in Argentina? (p. 687)

Back 84

Juan Manuel De Rosas

Front 85

Who was Benito Juárez? (p. 687)

Back 85

the President of Mexico who led La Reform which aimed to limit the power of the military the Roman Catholic church in Mexican society

Front 86

Who was Emiliano Zapata? (p. 688)

Back 86

a revolutionary leader who organied massive armies fighting for "tierra y libertad" (land and liberty)

Front 87

The early stages of industrial development in the United States depended in large part on investment capital from which of the following nations? (p. 691)

Back 87

Britain

Front 88

In terms of the industrial development of the United States in the late nineteenth century, the most important economic development was (p. 691)

Back 88

the construction of railroad lines that linked all US regions and helped create an integrated national economy (also canals)

Front 89

The National Policy, which was designed to attract migrants, protect nascent industries through tariffs, and build national transportation systems was a policy in (p. 693)

Back 89

created some violent altercations with indigenous peoples...center of transportation network was the transcontinental Canadian Pacific Railroad

Front 90

By the 1860s, Britain’s leading supplier of beef was (p. 694)

Back 90

Argentina

Front 91

Who was Walt Whitman? (p. 695)

Back 91

a Transcendentalist poet from the US

Front 92

After the conclusion of the U.S. Civil War, freed blacks _______________________ and the southern states ______________________________________. (p. 696)

Back 92

underwent a program of social and political Reconstruction - extended civil rights to freed slaves and provided black men with voting rights. had not received land grants so many had to work as sharecroppers for former slave owners

fashioned a rigidly segregated society that deprived blacks of educational, economic, and political opportunities

Front 93

The lines, “We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men and women are created equal,” come from (p. 696)

Back 93

Declaration of Sentiments from the Seneca Falls Convention

Front 94

In 1882, the United States government ordered a complete halt to immigration from _______________ in 1882, and in 1907, they ordered a halt to immigration from ____________________, (p. 697)

Back 94

Japan

China?

Front 95

Who was Louis Riel? (p. 697)

Back 95

Leader of the metis and indigenous people of western Canada

Front 96

In 1851, the leader of the Taiping rebellion, _______________________, proclaimed his own dynasty, the Taiping tianguo, which meant ___________________________________. (p. 705-706)

Back 96

Hong Xiuquan

Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace

Front 97

The most significant territorial loss for the Ottomans was (p. 707)

Back 97

Egypt

Front 98

Who was Muhammad Ali? (p. 707)

Back 98

the general who built a powerful army based on European forces and ruled egypt- remained nominally subordinate to the Ottoman sultan

Front 99

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the capitulations? (p. 708-709)

Back 99

IS: exempted European visitors from ottoman law, provided Europe with extraterritoriality, permitted foreign governments to levy duties on goods sold in Ottoman ports

Front 100

In the early nineteenth century, the Ottoman sultan Selim III (p

Back 100

embarked on a program to remodel his army along the lines of European forces. reform continued from earlier- limit tax, increase ag. prod. And end corruption

Front 101

What was the name of the sultan who, in 1826, had mutinous Janissaries slaughtered and thus opened the door for further reform within the Ottoman empire? (p. 709)

Back 101

Mahmud II

Front 102

Which of the following is NOT a reform proposed in the Tanzimat era? (p. 710)

Back 102

WAS: capitulations lifted, new civil code, commercial code, penal code, maritime code, (N-C,SPM) public trials guaranteed, equality before the law, education reform

Front 103

The Young Ottomans were (p. 710)

Back 103

a group who agitated for individual freedom, local autonomy, and political decentralization

Front 104

Sultan Abdül Hamid II (p. 710-711)

Back 104

was pushed to accept a constitution and establish rep.government-- within a year; suspended constitution, ruled autocratically for 30 years, developed army/admin. according to Tanzimat principles

Front 105

The stipulation, “In order to obtain for Ottoman citizens an education of a homogeneous and uniform character, the official schools will be open, their instruction will be free, and all nationalities will be admitted,” is from what document? (p. 711)

Back 105

The Proclamation of the Young Turks

Front 106

Which of the following Young Turk proposals caused the most dissension in the empire? (p. 712)

Back 106

Making Turkish the official language of th empire

Front 107

Which of the following accounts for the beginning of the social reform movement in Russia and a stop in expansion during the nineteenth century? (p. 713)

Back 107

the Crimean War (were decimated because they were not an industrialized world power)

Front 108

The key to social reform in Russia, Russian serfs were emancipated by __________________, which resulted in ___________________________________________

Back 108

Tsar Alexander II

The practice remained for decades after. the government tried to balance the interests of lords and serfs, and were unfavorable to mostpeasants

Front 109

As part of the Russian reforms, during the reign of Alexander II, the government created zemstvos, (p. 714)

Back 109

elected district assemblies

Front 110

Sergei Witte was the prime mover behind Russian industrialization. What was the main idea behind his policy? (p. 714)

Back 110

removingthe unfavorable conditions that hamper economic development of thecountry and kindling of a healthy spirit of enterprise

Front 111

The working conditions of the growing Russian industrial class in St. Petersburg and Moscow (p. 715)

Back 111

were miserable.The government limited the maximum working day to 11.5 hours but prohibited the formation of trade unions and outlawed strikes. Economic exploitation had a lack of political freedom occurred. Workers were unhappy due to terrible conditions.

Front 112

After the assassination of Alexander II was assassinated by an agent of the Land and Freedom Party, his successor Nicholas II, (p. 716)

Back 112

championed oppression and police control, embarked on expansionist ventures in East Asia, and got involved in the Russo-Japanese war.

Front 113

The decisive factor in the Russo-Japanese War, an event that best displayed Japan’s rise to the level of a world power, was the (p. 716-717)

Back 113

the destruction of the russian Navy (at the Battle of Tsutsimo)

Front 114

The 1905 Bloody Sunday massacre eventually (p. 717)

Back 114

caused an angry uproar throughout the empire that culminated in labor unrest, peasant insurrections, student demonstrations, and mutinies in both the army and navy.

Front 115

Lin Zexu, who wrote “As months accumulate and years pass by, the poison they have produced increases in its wicked intensity, and its repugnant odor reaches as high as the sky”, was (p. 717)

Back 115

a commissioner who confiscated and destroyed 20,000 chests of opium and started the Opium war.

Front 116

What was the decisive point in the Opium War? (p. 718)

Back 116

When the British attacked through the Grand Canal

Front 117

The Opium War ended with the signing of the Treaty of (p. 718)

Back 117

Nanjing

Front 118

Which of the following was NOT one of the principles of the Taiping rebellion? (p. 721)

A) the creation of communal wealth to be shared according to need
B) the prohibition on harems
C) the prohibition of foot binding and concubinage
D) abolition of private property
E) free public education

Back 118

B- the prohibition of harems

Front 119

The Self-Strengthening Movement was an attempt to blend indigenous cultural traditions with western technology in (p. 722)

Back 119

China

Front 120

For most of the last fifty years of the Qing dynasty, China was ruled by (p. 722-723)

Back 120

Cixi

Front 121

By the end of the nineteenth century, the only thing keeping China from being completely divided up into spheres of influence by foreigners was (p. 723)

Back 121

distrust among foreign powers

Front 122

Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao were the leaders of the (p. 723)

Back 122

Hundred Days Reform

Front 123

In 1900, foreign embassies in China were besieged by (p. 723)

Back 123

140,000 Boxers in the Boxer rebellion

Front 124

Japan was forcibly opened to foreign trade in 1853 by the (p. 724)

Back 124

fleet of the united States warships led by Admiral Perry

Front 125

The Meiji reformers, including Ito Hirobumi, actively copied the western Europeans and Americans, because (p. 725-726)

Back 125

they wanted to obtain the knowledge and expertise to strengthen the Japanese and get other countries to revise unequal treaties

Front 126

Which of the following was NOT one of the foundations of the Meiji restoration? (p. 725-726)

A. abolishing the old feudal order
B. turning Japan into a constitutional republic
C. improving the Japanese educational system
D. revamping the tax system
E. reorganizing the Japanese army and navy

Back 126

E - reorganizing the army and navy

was: centralized political power, abolition of daimyo/Samurai classes, converted grain tax to fixed money tax, constitution limited authority of the Diet (monarchy with legislature), emperor had right to dissolve the parliament, remodelloping the economy (railroad, telegraph, abolished tariffs etc)
private property, creation of communal wealth to be shared according to needs, prohibition of footbinding/concubinage, free public education, literacy for the masses, simplification of written language

Front 127

Cecil Rhodes, who said, “We are the finest race in the world and the more of the world we inhabit, the better it is for the human race”, was (p. 731)

Back 127

a leading British imperialist who founded acolony in Africa

Front 128

Rudyard Kipling’s poem, “The White Man’s Burden,” was actually meant to inspire the Americans to colonize (p. 735)

Back 128

Philippines

Front 129

The Suez Canal was essential for (p. 734-736)

Back 129

British control over India

Front 130

The battle of Omdurman (p. 742)

Back 130

opened the door for British control in Sudan

Front 131

Submarine cables linked all parts of the British empire throughout the world by (p. 736)

Back 131

telegraph

Front 132

The most important figures in the uprising in 1857 in India were (p. 737)

Back 132

disgruntled sepoytroops

Front 133

In 1824, Thomas Stamford Raffles founded the port of (p. 739)

Back 133

Singapore

Front 134

Between 1859 and 1893, Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos all fell under the control of ___________________, and by 1900, the only part of southeast Asia not under European imperial rule was _____________________. (p. 740)

Back 134

France

Siam

Front 135

The Congo Free State was established in the 1870s by (p. 740)

Back 135

Belgium

Front 136

The Berlin Conference (p. 741)

Back 136

devised the ground rules for the European colonization of Africa and how to divide it

Front 137

Who were the Boers? (p. 741)

Back 137

Dutch farmers who settled in South Africa (later known as Afrikaners)

Front 138

“Concessionary companies” refers to a system of colonial rule that employed (p. 743)

Back 138

private companies that were granted territory and control over taxation and labor for mining as well as land.

Front 139

In 1770, Captain James Cook anchored his fleet at Botany Bay, near what modern city? AND…New South Wales was originally settled by about one thousand people, most of them convicted criminals, _____________________________________. (p. 743-744)

Back 139

Sydney

who arrived at Sydney Harbor in 1788 in a british fleet and supports themselves mainly by herding sheep

Front 140

Which matching of imperial power and colonial area is NOT correct? (p. 746)

Back 140

correct: England and New Zealand, Germany and the Marshall Islands, Netherlands and Indonesia, US and Philippines, France and Tahiti

Front 141

After the overthrow of Queen Lili`uokalani in 1893, the United States took over (p. 746)

Back 141

Hawaii

Front 142

The Monroe Doctrine (p. 746)

Back 142

was used by the United States as a justification for US intervention in Western hemispheric affairs

Front 143

The United States occupied Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines after its victory in (p. 747)

Back 143

the Spanish American War

Front 144

Emilio Aguinaldo led an uprising in (p. 747)

Back 144

the Philippines against the US

Front 145

The Roosevelt Corollary strengthened U.S. military and economic claims in which area of the world? (p. 747)

Back 145

the Western Hemisphere - if they demonstrated an inability to maintain the security deemed necessary to protect US investments.

Front 146

The Sino-Japanese War began with a dispute over (p. 748)

Back 146

Korea

Front 147

Under British control, Ceylon became a major producer of (p. 749)

Back 147

tea

Front 148

Between 1800 and 1914, ________________ million Europeans migrated overseas, and the majority of indentured laborers came from__________. (p. 750)

Back 148

50 million

Southern and eastern Europe, especially Russian and Poland, although sizable numbers came from Britain, Ireland, and Germany and scandinavia.

Front 149

The Maji Maji rebellion occurred in (p. 751)

Back 149

East Africa

Front 150

Count Joseph Arthur de Gobineau, author of the Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races, viewed Europeans as (p. 752)

Back 150

More intelligent and morally superior to all other peoples in the world,

Front 151

Social Darwinists, a term associated with Herbert Spencer, believed that (p. 752)

Back 151

Powerful nations were meant to dominate weaker sociaties

Front 152

How did the Japanese and Americans compare to European nations in regards to imperialism? (p. 753)

a. were much more tolerant and respectful of their colonies than the Europeans were.
b. expanded for very different reasons than the Europeans did.
c. never saw the need to expand.
d. proved to be just as racist as the Europeans.
e. drew a sharp distinction between their enlightened sense of rule and that of the Europeans.

Back 152

???? they freely opened their ports and they recognized individual rights unlike European nations

Front 153

Who was Ram Mohan Roy? (p. 753)

Back 153

A prominent Bengali intellectual sometimes called the father of modern India, who argued for the construction of a society based on both modern European science and Indian Hindu tradition. He supported some British colonial policies and worked to improve the status of women.

Front 154

In 1916, the Indian National Congress (p. 754)

Back 154

joined forces with the All India Muslim League.