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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Who dominates the American colony first?
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Spain
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Giovanni de Verezzano
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Discovers NY Harbor, 1524
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Samuel de Champlain
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Settles in Quebec, 1608
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Jacques Cartier
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Settles at Montreal, 1673
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'New France'
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Towns were built around a thriving FUR TRADE with Native Americans
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England comes into America
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Defeat Spanish
Set up colony of 'New England' Settle at Jamestown, Virginia |
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Jamestown
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Jamestown Virginia (Chesapeake Bay)
Settled by the English in 1607 Many indentured servants 7/10 of people die |
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Reasons for settling at Jamestown
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Economic gain
Tobacco farming- by indentured servants and slaves |
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Indentured Servants
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7 year service in exchange for ride to America and 'Freedom Dues' (money).
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Nathaniel Bacon
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BACON'S REBELLION- 1676
Tobacco farmers were discontent with the rich. Native Americans take side of rich fur traders. Bacon leads a revolt against the rich (Gov. Berkely) & Native Americans |
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Reasons for settling at Plymouth
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Pilgrims seek religious freedom and emigrate from England
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John Winthrop
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wants "city on a hill"
Puritans seek religious freedom and settle in New England at the Massachusetts Bay Area. Puritans believe in PREDESTINATION. |
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Anne Hutchinson
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Challenges the Churchs authority by declaring that a holy life doesn't mean salvation. Accused of antinominianism (going against the law). Banished & scalped.
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Salem Witch Trials
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1692
Women accused of being witches are tortured and hung in New England "Witch Hunts" common in Europe, take on new meaning in America |
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The Great Awakening
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1740s
Massive religious revival Backlash to less religious times Old Lights vs. New Lights |
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Old Lights
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Skeptical of religious emotionalism and theatrics
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New Lights
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Said theatrics were necessary for revitalizing the role of religion in the colonies
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Results of the Great Awakening
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Increase in Presbyterians and Baptists
First mass movement in America |
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Reasons for settling outside of Massachusetts Bay (North East)
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Religion
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William Penn
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King owes his father money, gives William Penn Pennsylvania instead.
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Roger Williams
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1636
Settles Rhode Island for religious freedom |
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Henry Hudson
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Explores NY Ewaterwas
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Diversity
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Diverse population of religions, nationalities attracted to fur trade
c1621 |
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New Amsterdam
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Colony of the dutch
Dutch Gov. Peter Stuyvesant surrenders it to England --> Calls it New York |
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Mayflower Compact
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1620
Pledged justice, equality, majority rule and direct democracy |
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Faneuil Hall
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New England town meetings
Direct democract of propertied churchgoing freemen. Colonial assembly. |
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House of Burgesses
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1619
Virginia company gave rights to elect representative to legislature First representative gov in the world. |
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Fundamental Orders of Conneticut
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1st constitution
Electing representatives who would choose a governer |
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Salutory Neglect
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1700
England kept loose control of colonies Let them prosper |
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Causes of the French and Indian War/ 7 Years War
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Territorial disputes (Ohio River Valley)
Virginians assemble, led by Washington, with guns Capture empty Ft. Duquesne French surround Washington at Fort Necessity General Braddock dies before capture |
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French and Indian War (action of the french)
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French & Native Americans ally (fur trade)
French troops are concentrated in Europe (frederick the great) |
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William Pitt
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The "Great Commoner"
Organizes key victory in the Battle of Quebec Brittish retake Ft. Duquesne and name it Pittsburg |
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Significance of French and Indian War
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End of Salutory Neglect
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King George III
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Gives massive aid to defend colonies from French & Indians
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Albany Plan of Union
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1754
Benjamen Franklin & Thomas Hutchinson representation of all colonies in grand council president general union of all the colonies king george & colonies reject it |
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Mercantlism
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Object: More exports than imports to increase wealth of mother country
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Direct Vs. Indirect Tax
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Direct tax- Added to total
Indirect Tax- Tax part of total |
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Stamp Act
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1765
Direct tax levied on special stamped paper for all doc's Protests lead to parliament repealing the aft |
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Townshend Acts
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1767
indirect tax on imports, such as paper and tea leads to protests and Boston Massacre |
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Boston Massacre
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1770
Colonist protests against townshend acts British fire on crowd Anti-British sentiment |
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Proclamation of 1773
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England passes the Tea Act, which gives cheap to to the Colonies from England.
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Boston Tea party
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Response to Proclomation of 1773
dump 1500 lbs of tea into the boston harbor in protest |
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Intolerable Acts, 1774
(coercive acts) |
series of laws punishing colonists.
1) closed Boston Harbor 2) made colonists pay for damaged tea 3) quartering acts 30 Quebec acts |
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Continental Congress
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1774
Sam Adams, John Adams, George Washington |
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Lexington and Concord
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'The shot heard round the world'
1775- Colonial minutemen vs. British troops William Dawes & Paul Revere War begins! |
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Patriots vs. Tories, advantages and disadvantages
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Patriots- poorly equipt, no allies, no one is taking them seriously.. however, has something to fight for
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Common Sense
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Thomas Paine
A pamphlet that says it is common sense for a large Americca to be independant from the small, distant island of England. |
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The Decleration of Independence
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1776
15 copies were written |
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Washington Crosses the Delaware
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Crosses deleware river to suprise hessian mercenaries in Trenton, NJ on Dec. 26, 1776
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Battle of Saratoga
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1777
Burgoyne surrenders Albany |
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Valley Forge
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1777-1778
Washington holds army together while British encounter problems |
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Yorktown
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1781
US victory |
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Why the Colonists won
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Fighting a defensive war
Their own wilderness England has weak generals |
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End of The War
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Treaty of Paris, 1783
Britain recognizes the 13 colonies as independant End of revolutionary war. |
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Critical Post-Revolutionary Period
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1781- 1789
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Confederation
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States without central government
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John Hanson
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Leader of Confederation
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Articles of Confederation
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Accepts treaty of paris- wat ends
Land Ordinance NorthWest Ordinance |
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Land Ordinance
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1787
Establishes terms for applying for statehood |
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Northwest Ordinance
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Bans slavery, promotes education
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Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
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1. No Centralized Power
2. Taxes paid only at request 3. Interstate commerce NOT regulated 4. Every state has own currency 5. 9/13 colonies must agree to pass laws; 13/13 colonies must agree to ammend laws 6. No central court system for interstate crimes 7. No standing army |
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Depression
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US is bankrupt--> Debtors & Creditors
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Daniel Shays
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Shays Rebellion- Daniel Shays leads farmes & local militia against creditors.
Rebellions break out everywhere |
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First Convention
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Annapolis, Pennsylvania
Only 9 states Meet to discuss interstate commerce but decide they want to ammend Articles of Confederation |
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Philidelphia Convention
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1787
55 delegates, James Madison Federalists & Antifederalists FEDERALISTS: Washington, John Jay, Masison, Hamilton, Franklin |
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Virginia Plan
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Proposed by JAMES MADISON
Bicameral legislature representation based on population |
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NJ Plan
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Proposed by WILLIAM PATTERSON
Equal representation (benefits smaller states) |
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The Great Compromise/ Conneticut Compromise
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Proposed by ROGER SHERMAN
House of reps- based on population Senate- equal representation |
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3/5 compromise
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South wants slaves to count towards population to gain influence- North compromises that 3/5 of slaves may count towards population
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Commercial Compromise
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Taxation of imports not exports
Advantage for the south |
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Ratification of the Constitution
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The Federalist ( by Hamilton, Jay & Madison) sways public opinion and convinces NY to ratify constitution if Bill of Rights is passed
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Bill of Rights
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States agree to ratify constitution if Bill of Rights is ratified.
Amendment 10: All power not delegated to US is reserved to the states. |
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Significance of Battle of Saratoga
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Turning pt for French & Indian war (??)
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