Ap Us History Chapter 23

Front 1

Middletown

Back 1

1929 book that was a study of “modern American culture”

Front 2

Election of 1920-

Back 2

Republican Harding defeated Democrat Cox with his return to “normalcy” campaign which promoted business and conservative cultural values

Front 3

Andrew W. Mellon-

Back 3

Conservative, tax-cutting sec of treasury under Harding

Front 4

Herbert Hoover-

Back 4

Sec of Commerce under Harding who promoted voluntary gov’t-business cooperation

Front 5

Teapot Dome scandal-

Back 5

Harding’s sec of Interior Albert Fall convicted in 1924 of taking bribes to lease land in WY for oil drilling

Front 6

Calvin Coolidge-

Back 6

Harding’s VP who took over after Harding’s death in 1923. Nicknamed “Silent Cal”.

Front 7

Election of 1924-

Back 7

Republican Coolidge soundly defeated Democrat Davis and Progressive LaFollette

Front 8

Sheppard-Towner Federal-
Maternity and Infancy Act

Back 8

1921 law that created well-baby clinics & educational programs for women

Front 9

Henry Ford-

Back 9

Founder of Ford Motor Company whose “rags to riches” story inspired many

Front 10

Oligopoly-

Back 10

Situation where a few control much (e.g. a few businesses controlled much of an industry)

Front 11

Alfred P. Sloan-

Back 11

General Motors manager who refined the modern, multiunit, industrial organization

Front 12

The American Plan-

Back 12

US business approach that provided health insurance & old-age pensions (which in other industrial nations were often provided by the gov’t) in order to discourage unionization

Front 13

Fordney-McCumber Tariff-

Back 13

1922 protective tariff

Front 14

Hawley-Smoot Tariff-

Back 14

1930 protective tariff

Front 15

Dawes Plan-

Back 15

1924 plan to help Germany pay WWI reparations with US loans

Front 16

Isolationism

Back 16

Popular 1920s philosophy to stay out of world (particularly European) political affairs

Front 17

Washington Naval Arms-

Back 17

1921 US-led agreement to limit navies

Front 18

Kellogg-Briand Peace Pact-

Back 18

1928 multi-nation agreement to renounce war as an “instrument of national policy”

Front 19

Mass Culture-

Back 19

Idea of cultural attitudes, entertainments, products embraced by the most of the population

Front 20

Consumer Culture-

Back 20

Idea that culture is measured by the products it consumes, not the ideas or values it embraces

Front 21

Installment Plan-

Back 21

The “buy now, pay later” method of consumption popular in the 1920s

Front 22

Automobility-

Back 22

1920s term to describe how the auto ended rural isolationism

Front 23

Flappers-

Back 23

1920s female icon embodied by silent film stars like Clara Bow who wore short skirts and makeup, loved jazz and asserted her independence

Front 24

Jazz Age-

Back 24

Term used for 1920s when jazz music by people like Louis Armstrong, Bessie Smith & Duke Ellington became popular

Front 25

Radio

Back 25

Popular 1920s home entertainment

Front 26

“Black Sox” scandal-

Back 26

1919 baseball scandal in which a few Chicago White Sox players were paid to throw the World Series

Front 27

Charles Lindbergh-

Back 27

Pilot whose solo flight from NY city to Paris in his Spirit of St Louis made him an hero in 1927

Front 28

Model T-

Back 28

Ford’s popular car of the 1920s

Front 29

Nativism-

Back 29

1920s anti-immigration movement

Front 30

National Origins Act-

Back 30

1924 immigration-reducing law

Front 31

Ku Klux Klan-

Back 31

Racist, anti-immigrant organization that experienced resurgence in the 1920s after Griffith’s film Birth of a Nation (1915) glorified it. It declined rapidly after 1925 when its leader the Grand Dragon David Stephenson was accused of assaulting his secretary

Front 32

Fundamentalists-

Back 32

People who hold strong, unchanging ideas (generally about religion)

Front 33

Scopes Trial-

Back 33

1925 TN “monkey trial” over the teaching of evolution won by creationist and perennial presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan against American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)’s Clarence Darrow

Front 34

Eighteenth Amendment-

Back 34

Prohibition amendment which took effect in 1920 and was repealed in 1933

Front 35

Speakeasies-

Back 35

Prohibition-era saloons which sold “bathtub gin” provided by “bootleggers” and organized gangsters like Al Capone who helped to create powerful crime organizations like the Mafia

Front 36

Lost Generation-

Back 36

Writers like Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, TS Eliot, Gertrude Stein & John Dos Passos whose work reflected a deep cynicism about the world brought on by the devastation of WWI

Front 37

Modernist Movement-

Back 37

Parisian art school that emphasized skepticism, experimentation and rejection of traditions

Front 38

Twenties literature-

Back 38

Tended to challenge traditions, consumerism & isolationism and embodied by the works of writers like Mencken, Marianne Moore, Sinclair Lewis, Theodore Dreiser, Robert Frost, Edith Wharton, Eugene O’Neill, William Faulkner & Sherwood Anderson

Front 39

Harlem Renaissance-

Back 39

African American cultural movement centered in Harlem, NY City and led by people like Reverend Adam Clayton Powell, Alain Locke, Langston Hughes, Jean Toomer & Zora Neale Hurston

Front 40

New Negro-

Back 40

Idea embraced by Harlem Renaissance that blacks were equal and would assert their cultural equality

Front 41

Marcus Garvey-

Back 41

Leader of the United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) which championed black separatism who went to jail for fraud in 1925

Front 42

Election of 1928-

Back 42

Democrat Al Smith is defeated by Republican Herbert Hoover