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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Bones of the skull |
Contains 22 bones; 8 cranium 14 face
The 6 auditory ossicles are loacted within the temporal bones of the cranium and the hyoid bone is connected to the inferior surfaces of the temporal bones by a pair of ligaments. |
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Cranial Bones (8) |
Parietal (L/R) Ethmoid Sphenoid Temporal (L/R) Occipital Frontal
To remember: PEST OF |
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Facial Bones |
Vomer Zygomatic Lacrimal Nasal Maxillary Bones (2) Palatine Bones (2) Mandible Hyoid
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Nasal Conchae |
Superior nasal conchae Middle nasal conchae Inferior nasal conchae |
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Wormian Bones |
Extra bone which may be found in the lambdoid suture
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Zygomatic Arch |
zygomatic process of temporal bone and temporal porcess of zygomatic bone. |
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Mastoid Process of temporal bone |
boney prominence behind ear |
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Styloid Process of temporal bone |
(Stylor), pillar Points of attachment for muscles, refers to slender, pointed protrusions (processes) of temporal bone of skull. |
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Sella Turcica of of sphenoid bone |
(Turskish saddle) pituitary gland occupies this fossa. A portion of the sphenoid bone that rises up and forms a saddle-shaped mass within the cranial cavity. |
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Perpendicular plate of ethmoid |
Together with Vomer makes up bony nasal septum |
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Criibriform plate of ethmoid bone |
Forms rook of nasal cavity |
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Crista Galli of ethmoid bone |
(cock's comb) falx ceribri (membrane) in brain attaches here. |
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Foramen Magnum |
large opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes to brain. |
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External Occipital Protuberance |
protruding bone on the outside of the occipital bone. |
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Occipital Condyle |
A rounded process found on both sides of the foramen magnum and unite with the vertebrae of the spinal column. |
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Anterior Fontanel |
Infant skull |
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Hyoid Bone |
u-shaped bone, attachment site for muscles of larynx, pharynx and tongue. Does not articulate w/any other bone. Suspended from tips of styloid processes of temporal bones by ligaments. Most often crushed in strangulations. |
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Vertebral Column |
Consists of 26 bones: 24 vertebrae, the sacrum and the coccyx (tailbone) |
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Cervical Vertebrae |
C1 - C7 C1 = atlas C2 axis
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Thorasic vertebrae |
12: T1-T12 |
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Lumbar vertebrae |
L1 - L5 |
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Sacrum |
5 bones begin fusing at puberty complete by age 25-10 |
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Coccyx |
4 fused bones by age 26 |
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Spinal curves |
Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral |
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Vertebral anatomy |
spinous process transverse process body vertebral foramen |
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Thoracic Cage |
Consists of the thoracic vertebrae, the ribs and the sternum |
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Ribs |
1-7 True Ribs 8-12 False Ribs 11-12 Floating Ribs |
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Sternum (breastbone) |
Manubrium - jugular notch, Manubrium articulates w/clavicles. Body Xiphoid process Fusion of sternum completes by age 25 |
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Pectoral Girdle |
consists of clavicles and scapulae |
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Clavicle |
S-shaped (collarbone) articulate w/manubrium of sternum and acromial process of scapula. |
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Scapula |
triangular shaped (shoulder blade) |
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Acromion |
acromial process at the top of the shoulder blade |
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Coracoid process |
site of muscle attachment part of back surface of each scapula that is divided into unequal portions by a spine, which leads to a head that bears two processes. It curves forward and down below the clavicle (collarbone). |
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Glenoid cavity |
articulates w/ humerus a depression on the head of the scapula, between the acromion and coracoid processes. It joins with the head of the upper arm bone (humerus). |
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Upper Limbs |
Humerus
Ulna - trochlera notch (trochlea = pulley) - forms "u" shape in ulna Oclecranon Process - forms elbow on ulna
Radius |
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Bones of the hand |
Wrist - 8 carpal bones form in two rows: four proximal carpal bones (scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform) and four distal carpal bones (trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate) |
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Carpals |
Scaphoid (skaphe + eidos, form: boat-shaped) Lunate (luna, moon) Triquetrum (Triquetral) has three surfaces Pisiform - pea shaped Trapezium (Gk. trapezion, small table) Trapezoid (Gk. trapezion +eidos, form) having the shape of a trapeze (resembles a wedge) Capitate (L. caput, head) has a rounded head Hamate (L. hamatum, hooked) has a hook like process. *Some Lovers Try Positions That They Cannot Handle |
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Metacarpals of the hand |
(Use Roman numerals I, II, III, IV, V) Run from carpal bones of the wrist to bones of the hand. The heads form the knuckles. |
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Phalanges |
Proximal - nearest the metacarpals/hand Medial - in between proximal and distal Distal- finger tips Pollex (thumb) only has proximal and distal phalanges. |
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Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limbs |
Consists of the paired hip bones; each forms by fusion of ilium, ischium and pubis. Ventrally connected by a pad of fibrocartilage at a joint called the pubic symphysis on the lateral surface of each hip bone. The acetabulum (vinegar cup) is the socket that articulates w/the head of the femur. |
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Pelvis Girdle |
Os Coxae (pl. ossa coxae) (coxa, hip) Ilium Ischium Pubis |
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Pelvis |
2 coxal bones (hip bones) + sacrum + coccyx |
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Pubis Symphysis |
pad of fibrocartilage connecting coxae at pubis |
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Iliac Crest |
ridge of ilium |
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Ischial tuberosity |
rough projection which bears wight of body when seated |
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Acetabulum |
(acetabulum, vinegar cup) Depression in hipbone that connects w/head of femur, socket |
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Obturator Foramen |
closed by sheet of collagen fibers which provides base for muscle attachment. |
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Differences between male & female pelves |
Female pelvic cavity is shallower and wider and the sacrum is shorter to allow for childbirth. |
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Femur |
Longest and heaviest bone Articulates w/acetabulum |
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Patella |
Sesamoid bone Kneecap
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Tibia |
shin bone
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Fibula |
This bone that parallels the tibia |
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Bones of the foot |
7 tarsal bones which form two irregular rows: 3 proximal tarsal bones (calcaneus, talus, navicular) and 4 distal tarsal bones (medial, cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, lateral cuneiform, cuboid) |
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Tarsals |
Talus Calcaneus Navicular Medial Cuneiform Intermediate cuneiform Lateral cuneiform Cuboid (Tiger Cubs Need MILC)
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Metatarsals of the foot |
5 foot bones Make up the central skeleton of the foot. Held in an arch position by ligaments Use Roman Numerals I, II, III, IV, V |
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Phalanges |
Proximal - first knuckle from metarsals to the Medial. Medial - middle toe bone. Distal - tip of toes Hallux (big toe) only as proximal and distal phalanges. |