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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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list the 5 layers of the epidermis and describe each
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a. stratum basal - lowest layer, single layer of cells, mitotically active, contains keratinocytes, melanocytes, Merkel cells
b. stratum spinosum - 8-10 cell layers thick, contain keratinocytes, Langerhans cells c. stratum granulosum - 3-5 cell layers thick, cells begin to flatten due to heavy keratin, produce glycolipid d. stratum lucidum - (only in thick skin) 3-4 cell layers thick, transparent, cells nearly dead e. stratum corneum - 25-30 cell layers thick, cells dead |
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Papillary layer of dermis
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immediately deep to the epidermis, composed of areolar CT, contain Meissner's corpuscles and dermal papillae
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dermal papilla
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bumpy, peglike projections from the dermis into the epidermis, often containing capillary loops, Meissner's corpuscles, or pain receptors
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reticular layer
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deep layer of dermis composed of dense irregular CT and adipose, contains Pacinian corpuscles and epidermal derivatives such as hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sudoriferous glands
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arrector pili muscle
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muscle that moves hair folicles erect
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name the three parts of hair
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shaft, bulb, root
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Meissner's corpuscle
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fine touch receptor found in the papillary region of dermis
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Pacinian corpuscle
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deep presure nerve endings found in the reticular region of the dermis
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sebaceous glands
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epidermal derivatives that produce oil
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a. eccrine sudoriferous glands
b. appocrine sudoriferous glands |
a. sweat glands on palms, soles, forehead,
b. sweat glands in axillary and anogenital regions |
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hypodermis
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deep to the dermis, not considered part of the skin
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list epidermal derivatives and state functions of each
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a. hair follicles grow hair
b. sebaceous glands produce oil that lubricates and protects hair c. sudoriferous glands produce sweat, cooling and eliminating some wastes |
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what is the mechanism and purpose of tanning?
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tanning is caused by exposure to UV radiation, which causes increased production of melanin by melanocytes and spreading of melanin by keranocytes. Its purpose is to protect the skin from the effects of UV radiation
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cell body
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aka soma. contains nucleus and most organelles.
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neurofibril
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functions in cytoskeletal support and intracellular transport
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dendrite
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neuron processes that are receptive regions
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axon
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neuron processes that act as nerve impulse generators and transmitters (only 1 per neuron)
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axon terminals
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end of axon that stores neurotransmitter chemicals
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schwann cells
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cells that form myelin sheath in PN
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neurilemma
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sheath of Schwann cell, covers myelin sheath
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myelin sheath
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sheath made of Schwann cells that covers axon and increases transmittion speed along axon
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node of Ranvier
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spaces between Schwann cells in myelin sheath
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Sulcus
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shallow grooves in the brain
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Gyrus
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elevated ridge in the brain
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Fissure
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deep grooves in the brain
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Longitudinal fissure
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deep fissure dividing the brain into two hemispheres
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Central sulcus
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windy groove running from longitudinal fissure about halfway down; divides anterior and posterior
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Lateral sulcus
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groove running posterior of orbital region to about halfway back
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Precentral gyrus
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ridge anterior to central sulcus. primary motor area
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Postcentral gyrus
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rudge posterior to central sulcus.
primary somatosensory cortex |
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nissl body
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elaborate rough ER in the cell body
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describe endocrine glands and give examples
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glands that secrete products, mostly hormones, into blood.
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exocrine glands
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secrete products out of epithelium. include sweat and oil glands.
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