Ap Psych Unit 8

Front 1

a need or desire that energiezes and directs behavior

Back 1

Motivation

Front 2

a complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is not learned.

Back 2

Instinct

Front 3

the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused state that motivates an organism to satisfy the need.

Back 3

Drive-Reduction Theory

Front 4

a tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state

Back 4

Homeostasis

Front 5

a positive or negative environment stimulus that motivates behavior.

Back 5

Incentives

Front 6

Maslow's pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must be first satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active.

Back 6

Hierarchy of Needs

Front 7

the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues.

Back 7

Glucose

Front 8

the point at which an individuals "weight thermometer" is supposedly set.

Back 8

Set Point

Front 9

the body's resting rate of energy expenditure.

Back 9

Basal Metabolic Rate

Front 10

an eating disorder in which a person diets and becomes significantly underweight, yet, still feeling fat, continues to starve.

Back 10

Anorexia Nervosa

Front 11

an eating disorder characterized by overeating by episodes of overeating usually high-calorie foods, followed by vomiting, taxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise.

Back 11

Bulimia Nervosa

Front 12

significant binge-eating episodes, followed by distress, disgust, or guilt , but without the compensatory purging, fasting, or excessive exercise that makes bulimia nervosa.

Back 12

Binge-Eating Disorder

Front 13

the four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson-- excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.

Back 13

Sexual Response Cycle

Front 14

a resting period after orgasm, during which a man cannon achieve another orgasm.

Back 14

Refractory Period

Front 15

sex hormones, secreted in greater amount by females than males and contributing to female sex characteristics

Back 15

Estrogens

Front 16

the most important of the male sex hormones.

Back 16

Testosterone

Front 17

an enduring sexual attraction towards members of a either one's own or the other sex.

Back 17

Sexual Orientation

Front 18

a response of the whole organism, involving (1) physiological arousal, (2) expressive behaviors and (3) conscious experience.

Back 18

Emotion

Front 19

the theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli.

Back 19

James-Lange Theory

Front 20

the theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers physiological responses and the subjective experience of emotion.

Back 20

Cannon-Bard Theory

Front 21

the Schachter-Singer theory that to experience emotion one must be physically aroused and cognitively label the arousal.

Back 21

Two Factor Theory

Front 22

emotional release

Back 22

Catharsis

Front 23

a machine, commonly used in attempts to detect lies, that measure several of the physiological responses accompanying emotion.

Back 23

Polygraph

Front 24

people's tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood.

Back 24

Feel Good Do Good Phenomenon

Front 25

self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life.

Back 25

Well-Being

Front 26

the effect of facial expressions on experienced emotions, as when a facial expression of anger or happiness intensifies feelings of anger or happiness.

Back 26

Facial Feedback

Front 27

our tendency to form judgements relative to a neutral level defined by our previous experience

Back 27

Adaptation Level Phenomenon

Front 28

the perception that we are worse off relative to those with whom we compare ourselves.

Back 28

Relative Deprivation

Front 29

an interdisciplinary field that integrates behavior and medical knowledge and applies that knowledge to health and disease.

Back 29

Behavioral Medicine

Front 30

a subfield of psychology that provides psychology's contribution to behavioral medicine

Back 30

Health Psychology

Front 31

the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, that we appraise as threatening or challenging.

Back 31

Stress

Front 32

Selye's concept of the body's adaptive response to stress in three phases-- alarm, resistance, exhaustion.

Back 32

General Adaptation Syndrome

Front 33

the clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in North America.

Back 33

Coronary Heart Disease

Front 34

Friedman and Rosenman's term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people.

Back 34

Type A

Front 35

Friedman and Rosenman's term for easygoing, relaxed people.

Back 35

Type B

Front 36

literally, "mind-body" illness; any stress-related physical illness, such as hypertension and some headaches.

Back 36

Psychophysiological Illness

Front 37

the study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health.

Back 37

Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)

Front 38

the two types of white blood cells that are part of the body's immune system.

Back 38

Lymphocytes