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30 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Psychology
Study of behavior and mental processes
Positive Psychology
Focus on what goes right in terms of behavior and mental processes
Biological/Physiological Psychologists
Study how biological processes in the brain affect/are affected by behavior and mental processes
Developmental Psychologists
Work with changes in behavior and mental processes as we age; attempt to understand causes and effects of changes
Cognitive Psychologists
Study sensation, perception, learning, and memory, thinking, etc.; Believe that we also manipulate information
Engineering Psychologists
Help designers create keyboards, phones, websites, etc
Personality Psychologists
Study similarities and differences in people; work to understand characteristics in the hopes of helping people lead healthy lives
Community Psychologists
Offer services to the homeless; try to prevent disorders, promote strengths
Clinical/Counseling Psychologists
Research causes of mental disorders and give people services to overcome them; believe phobias result from bad experiences
Health Psychologists
Study effects of behavior on health, and vice versa
Educational Psychologists
Research and create theories about teaching and learning; findings--->programs for improving training and learning; students work together
School Psychologists
IQ testing specialists, diagnose learning disabilities, try to help students improve and be satisfied
Social Psychologists
Study how people think about themselves and others; how people influence others
Industry/Organizational Psychologists
-study leadership, stress, competition, how it affects productivity and efficiency; study how businesses work
Quantitative Psychologists
use tools to analyze data; help determine validity of psychologists' tests
Sport Psychologists
Help athletes reduce stress, focus, etc
Forensic Psychologists
assist in selecting juries, evaluate defendants' mental competence to stand trial
Environmental Psychologists
study effects of environment on people's behavior and mental processes
Biological Approach
Emphasizes activity of nervous system, especially that of the brain; the action of hormones and other chemicals; genetics; James Fallon
Evolutionary Approach
Emphasizes the ways in which behavior and mental processes are adaptive for survival; Darwin, William James
Psychodynamic Approach
Freud; unconscious emphasized unconscious; behavior governed by unconscious wishes/hidden motives; conflicts in early childhood
Behaviorist Approach
Emphasizes learning, especially in terms of rewards and punishments; B.F. Skinner, Watson
Humanist Approach
Unique perceptions for guiding behavior, emphasis on individual’s full potential; Maslow, Rogers
Cognitive Approach
Mechanisms through which people obtain, store, and manipulate information; Rotter, Mischel, Bandura
Structuralism
study conscious experience and its structure; Titchener and Wundt
Introspection
looking inward; Wundt
Gestalt Psychology
whole is greater than sum of parts; Max Wertheimer
Psychoanalysis
explain personality and behavior, goal of treating mental disorders
Functionalism
to study how mind works in organism to help it adapt; William James
Behaviorism
study only observable behavior and explain behavior through learning principles; Watson and Skinner