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137 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is used as a protective finish for the inside of steel tubing |
Hot linseed oil |
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What should be done to an aircraft surface that is covered with paint remover to give the remover the maximum amount of time to soak into the old finish |
Surface should he covered with a piece of poly-ethylene sheeting such as a paint drop cloth which will keep the solvent from evaporating |
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What is the general reason for runs and sags in a finish that is being sprayed onto a flat surface |
Too much paint is being applied |
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What are three requirements for a repair to a piece of sheet metal aircraft structure |
Repair must restore lost strength and rigidity, and it must not change the aerodynamic shape of the part |
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When making riveted repair to sheet metal, which should be stronger the rivet or the bearing strength of the sheet metal |
They should be close to the same but the bearing strength of the sheet metal should be greater |
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Why are lightening holes in sheet metal wing ribs flanged |
Flanging the lightening holes gives the rib rigidity |
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What is meant by a joggle in a piece of sheet metal |
It's a small offset near the edge of a piece that allows the sheet to overlap another piece of metal |
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What is the minimum edge distance allowed when installing rivets in a piece of aircraft sheet metal |
Two times the diameter of the rivet |
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Why should aluminum alloy rivets be driven with as few blows as is practical |
Excessive hammering will work harden the rivets and make them difficult to drive |
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How is the point of a twist drill ground that is to be used for drilling transparent acrylic material |
Cutting edge should be dubbed off to a zero take angle, and the included angle of the tip should be ground to 140 degrees |
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What are two types of electric resistance welding used for aircraft construction |
Spot welding and seam welding |
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Why is it important that the pressure of the gas in an acetylene cylinder be kept low |
Acetylene becomes unstable above 15 psi |
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What determines the amount of heat that is put into a weld by an axy-acetylene torch |
The size of the orifice in the torch tip |
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What is the difference in appearance of an oxi-dizing flame, a neutral flame and a reducing flame |
Oxidizing flame has a pointed inner cone and makes a hissing noise. Neutral has a rounder inner cone and there is no feather around the inner cone. Reducing flame has a defined feather around the inner cone |
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What is meant by tack welding |
Use a small welded spot to hold parts together for the final bead to be ran |
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Why must thick plates of metal be preheated before welding |
Preheating is a method of controlling the expansion and contraction of the materials being welding. It also minimizes the stresses that are caused by welding thick metal |
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Why is it important that all traces of welding flux be removed after a piece of aluminum or magnesium is welded |
Welding flux is corrosive and must be removed to prevent corrosion of the metals |
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Is a heat treated steel part normally repairable by welding |
No, welding destroys the heat treatment |
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What is the function of the flux in brazing and soldering |
Flux covers the cleaned and heated metal to keep oxygen away from it |
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What kind of flame should be used when gas welding aluminum |
Neutral |
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What is an acceptable acetylene line pressure when welding |
Above 5 psi never above 15 psi |
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What kind of flame should be used to weld stainless steel |
Slightly carburizing flame |
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How much should the bead penetrate when welding two pieces of steel with a butt weld |
100% penetration |
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What is meant by a soft flame |
A flame made when the pressure of the gases arrived low enough that the flame doesn't make a noise and doesn't blow the puddle |
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What is meant by the angle of attack of an airplane wing |
The acute angle that is formed between the chord line of an airfoil and the direction of the air that strikes it |
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What are the four basic forces that act on an aircraft in flight |
Lift, gravity, thrust, and drag |
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What is meant by the angle of incidence of an airplane wing |
The acute angle that is formed between the chord line of an airfoil and the longitudinal axis of the aircraft on which it is mounted |
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What causes parasite drag on an airplane |
The friction of the air flowing over the surface |
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Name the three axes of a aircraft and the controls that rotates the airplane about each of its three axes |
Longitudinal axis - ailerons Laterial axis - elevators Vertical axis - rudder |
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What is the function of material dihedral in the wings of the aircraft |
It gives the aircraft roll stability or stability about the longitudinal axis |
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What is the purpose of a stall strip on an aircraft |
They distort air flowing over the top of the wing in the root area at high angles of attack. They cause the root of the wing to stall before the outer portion if the wing toward the ailerons |
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What is the function of a servo tab on an aircraft control surface |
Produces an aerodynamic force on the control surface that aids in the moving of the control surface |
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What is the purpose of vortex generators on the wing of a high speed aircraft |
They pull high energy air down to the wind and keep shock induced separation from occurring |
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Why are the control cables of large aircraft normally equipped with automatic tension regulators |
Large aircraft expand and contract a large amount and the automatic tension regulators keep the cable tention constant as the structure changes from temperatures |
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Why is it important that blades of a helicopter rotor be in track |
If they're not on track vertical vibration can develop |
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In what FAA publication could you find correct control surface movement for a particular airplane |
In the type certificate data sheet for the airplane |
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Under what conditions can an aircraft be operated with a 100-hour inspection overdue |
It can be operated for no more than 10 hours after an inspection is due for the purpose of flying to a place where the inspection can be performed |
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For how long can an aircraft be operated if a 100-hour inspection is overdue |
No more than 10 hours. All time beyond the 10 hours most be subtracted from the time before the next 100-hour inspection |
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Under what conditions can an aircraft that is due an annual inspection be operated |
Can only be flown when a special flight permit is issued |
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What certification is required for a mechanic to be able to approve an aircraft for return to service after a 100-hoir inspection |
Mechanic certificate with airframe and powerplant ratings |
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What is the difference between an annual and a 100-hour inspection |
They are identical. The 100-hoir can be done by a mechanic with a A&P certificate and the annual inspection can be done by a mechanic with a A&P certificate and holding a inspection authorization |
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Does the FAA require that a checklist be used when conducting an annual and a 100-hour inspection |
Yes according to 14 CFR 43.15(c)(1) |
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What certification is required for a mechanic to conduct a progressive inspection |
Mechanic certificate with an airframe and powerplant ratings and an inspection authorization |
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Where can you find the requirements for inspecting the altimeter and static system of aircraft that are operated under instrument flight rules |
14 CFR part 43, appendix E |
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Where can you find the requirements for inspecting the ATC transponder that is installed on an aircraft |
14 CFR part 43, appendix F |
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What takes up the shock of the landing impact on an oleo shock strut |
The metered transfer of oil from one compartment to another outside the shock strut |
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What takes up the taxi shocks on an oleo shock strut |
Compressed air |
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How much oil should be put into an oleo shock strut |
Deflate the shock completely, remove the filler plug and fill the strut with oil to the level of the filler plug |
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What is the purpose of the centering cam on a nose wheel shock strut |
Center the nose wheel straight ahead before it is retracted into the nose wheel well |
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How does a shimmy damper keep a nose wheel from shimmying |
Acts as a small hydraulic shock absorber between the piston and the cylinder of the nose wheel shock strut |
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What is the purpose of the debooster in a hydraulic power brake system |
Decreases the pressure and increases the volume of fluid going to the brakes |
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What should be done to hydraulic brakes when the pedal has a spongy feel |
Bleed the brakes if that doesnt fix it check the rubber flexible brake lines for wear |
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What is used in a split wheel to keep air from leaking between the two wheel halves |
A o-ring seal |
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What causes an aircraft tire to wear more on the shoulders that on the center of the tread |
Under inflated tire |
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What causes an aircraft tire wear more on the center of the tread than on the sholders |
Over inflation |
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How is the correct amount of air in an oleo shock strut determined |
By the amount the strut extends out of the cylinder when the weight of the aircraft is on it |
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What should be done with a tire that was on a wheel which was overheated enough to melt the fusible plug in the wheel |
Tire should be scrapped |
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Where can you find the correct inflation pressure for the tires in an aircraft |
Aircraft service manual |
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What are the two basic types of hydraulic fluid that are used in modern aircraft |
Mineral based and phosphate ester based fluids |
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What kind of filter is a micronic filter |
A filter with a special paper element |
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Why are hydraulic reservoirs pressurized |
Ensures fluid will be supplied to the inlet of the pumps at high altitudes where there is not enough atmospheric pressure to do this |
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What is a double action pump |
A pump that supplies fluid with the movement of the pump handle in both directions |
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Why do most engine driven hydraulic pumps have a shear section |
If the pump seizes the shear section will break, disconnecting the pump from the engine preventing further damage |
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What is the purpose of an accumulator on an aircraft hydraulic system |
Holds pressure on the hydraulic fluid in the system. The pressure is held by compressed air acting in the fluid through bladder, diaphragm, or a piston |
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What is the purpose of an orifice check valve |
Allows free flowing fluid in one direction and restricts the flow in the other direction |
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Where are line disconnect fittings normally located on aircraft hydraulic systems |
Normally in the lines that connect the engine driven pump to the hydraulic system |
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What is meant by a single action hydraulic actuating cylinder |
A linear actuating cylinder that used hydraulic fluid to move the piston in one direction and the piston is returned using a spring |
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What is the source of the compressed air that is used in a medium pressure pneumatic system in a turbine engine powered aircraft |
This air is normally bled air from one of the compressor stages of the turbine engine |
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What kind of device is used to control the speed of movement of the piston in a pneumatic actuator |
A variable orifice |
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Why do most high pressure pneumatic systems include a moisture separator |
Whe the air is compressed it in traps water in the compressed air and in certain temperatures it could freeze and block the system |
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Where can you find the type of hydraulic fluid that is required for a particular aircraft |
In the maintenance manual for the aircraft and/or the placard in the system reservoir |
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What is used to remove phosphate-ester base hydraulic fluid from tires |
Soap and water |
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What must be done to the lines that are disconnected when servicing an aircraft hydraulic system |
They must be capped with the proper fluid line cap or plug. |
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What are two ways aircraft hydraulic reservoirs may be pressurized |
By an aspirator in the fluid return line or by bleed air from one if the engine compressors |
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What are the two main gases that make up our atmosphere |
Nitrogen and oxygen |
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Why are the cabins of most turbine-powered aircraft pressurized |
These aircraft fly at high altitudes that supple-mental oxygen would be needed for the occupants if the cabins were not pressurized |
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Where does the pressure air come from on most turbine-powered aircraft |
From bled air off one of the engine compressors |
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Where does the pressure come from on most smaller reciprocating engine aircraft |
Engine turbocharger |
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What determines the amount of pressurization that the aircraft can use |
Structural strength of the aircraft cabin |
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How is cabin pressure controlled in a pressurized aircraft |
More pressure than is needed is pumper into the cabin and the pressure control modules the outflow valve to maintain the correct pressure in the cabin |
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What is the function of the cabin outflow valve on a pressurized aircraft |
It maintains the correct amount of pressure inside the cabin |
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What is the function of the cabin pressure safety valve on a pressurized aircraft |
Prevents cabin pressure from exceeding the maximum allowance differential pressure |
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Why must pressurized aircraft have a negative pressure relief valve |
The structure of the cabin is not designed to tolerate the inside pressure being lower than the outside pressure |
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What keeps the cabin from being pressurized when the aircraft is on the ground |
The squat switch on the landing gear holds the safety valve open when in the ground |
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What are two types of air conditioning systems that may be installed on aircraft |
Vapor-cycle and air-cycle |
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Where does the warn air come from that is used to heat the cabin of large transport aircraft |
Warm engine compressor bled air is used |
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Where does warm air come from that is used to heat small single engine reciprocating engine aircraft |
Shroud around the engine muffler |
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Where does the fuel come from that is used in an aircraft combustion heater |
Aircraft fuel tanks |
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What happens to a combustion heater if the flow of ventilating air is restricted |
The temperature reaches a preset value and the limit switch will cause the fuel to be shut off to the heater |
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How is the heat removed from the aircraft cabin with a vapor cycle cooling system |
Canine heat is absorbed by the refrigerant in the evaporator |
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Why must air cycle air conditioning systems incorporate a water separator |
Rapid cooling of air in the expansion turbine causes moisture to condense in to fog. This mosistue is trapped in the moisture separator before it is released into the cabin |
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What kind of gaseous oxygen must be used to service an aircraft oxygen system |
Only aviators breathing oxygen |
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What is used to check an oxygen system for leaks |
Special leak detector liquid which is a form of non oily soap |
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What is a continuous flow oxygen system |
An oxygen system that continuously flows a metered amount of oxygen to the masks |
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What is a pressure-demand oxygen mask |
A oxygen system that only flows when the breather inhales |
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What instruments in an aircraft are connected to the static system |
Airspeed indicator, vertical speed indicator, and the altimeter |
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What types of repairs or alterations can a certified mechanic make on instruments |
They can only inspect the instruments |
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What is the significance of a red radial on the dial of an aircraft instrument |
The never exceed conditions |
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What is the significance of a yellow radial on and instrument |
The caution range of operation |
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What is the significance of a green arc on an instrument |
The normal range of operation |
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What is the significance of a white arc on an airspeed indicator |
The speed where flaps may be lowered |
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Where can a mechanic find the range markings that are required on the instruments in a particular aircraft |
Type certificate data sheet of the aircraft |
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What check must be done if a mechanic replaces any instruments that is connected to the static system |
Static system must be checked for leaks |
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What is the difference between a turn and slip indicator and a turn coordinator |
A turn and slip indicator is sensitive about only the yaw (vertical) axis. The turn coordinator uses a canted gyro whick makes it sensitive about both the yaw and roll axes |
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Why is a dual tachometer used in a single engine helicopter |
One shows the main rotor RPM and the other shows engine RPM |
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In what unit is the tachometer used in a turbine engine calibrated |
In percent of takeoff RPM |
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Is a certificated airframe mechanic allowed to adjust a communications transmitter |
No |
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What is the preferred location for a VOR antenna |
On top if the aircraft along the centerline of the fuselage |
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Which component of the instrument landing system shares the antenna with the VOR |
The ILS localizer |
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What is the preferred location for a DME antenna |
Along the centerline of the belly as far from any other antenna as is practical |
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What do the three marker beacon lights indicate to the pilot |
Blue indicates passage over the outer marker in an ILS approach. The amber light indicates passage over the middle marker. And the white light indicates passage over any other location specified on the instrument approach |
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What is meant by a transceiver |
A radio communications equipment in which all circuits for the receiver and the transmitter are in one housing |
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Where is the ELT transmitter normally located |
In the tail of the aircraft as far aft as possible so it would be least likely damaged in a crash |
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What are two types of fuel cells that are used in modern aircraft |
Integral fuel tanks and bladder type cells |
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What is meant by integral fuel cell |
Part of the structure in which all of the seams and joints are sealed so they will be fuel tight. The structure itself then becomes the fuel tank |
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What is meant by cross-feed system |
Allows fuel to be fed from any tank to any engine |
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Why do some aircraft have provisions of fuel jettisoning |
To lower the weight of the aircraft for landing. |
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What is meant by a single-point fueling system |
pressure fueling system in which the fuel is pumped into the aircraft through a underwing fueling point |
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What gas is used to purge fuel tanks of all fuel vapors |
Carbon dioxide or nitrogen |
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How is a fuel leak indicated on a reciprocating engine aircraft |
The dye that is used in the fuel stains the area around the leak |
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What two things must you take into consideration when selecting the wire size to use for a electrical system |
Current carrying capabilities and the voltage drop |
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What is the maximum number of wires that should be connected to a single stud in a terminal strip |
Four |
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What kind of clamp us used to secure a wire bundle to a aircraft structure |
A cushioned clamp |
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Why must a switch be derated if it is used in a circuit that supplies incandescent lamps |
High in rush current caused by the low resistance of the cold filaments requires that the switches be derated |
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On which wing is the red navigation light |
Left |
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What kind of fault can be found in a generator armature with a growler |
Shorted coils |
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Does an aircraft engine electric starter use a series or a parallel motor |
Series |
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What kind of instrument would you use to measure vary high resistance |
A megohmmeter |
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What three things must be synchronized before an aircraft AC generator is placed in the same bus with another AC generator |
Voltage, frequency, and phase rotation |
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What is meant by flashing the field of a generator |
Restoring the residual magnetism to the frame of the generator |
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What would cause the warning horn to sound when the throttles are pulled back |
It will sound if any of the landing gear is not down and locked |
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What is the indicated by a red light in the landing gear position indication portion of the annunciator panel |
Indicates the landing gear is not in a safe condition for landing |
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Where is the landing gear safety switch normally located |
On one of the landing gear shock struts |
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What information is given to a pilot to indicate that all landing gear is locked down |
Three green lights are used on most aircraft |
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Why is it important that all ice not be allowed to build up on the wings |
It distorts the shape of the airfoil and destroys the aerodynamic lift |
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Where does air come from to operate the pneumatic deicer boots on reciprocating engine aircraft |
From the discharge side of the air pump that is used to operate the gyro instruments |
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How are deicer boots cleaned |
Washing with mild soap and water |
