Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the 2 things the universe is made of?
|
Energy and Matter
|
|
|
What is energy?
|
the capacity to do work
|
|
|
What are the 2 kinds of energy?
|
Potential, kinetic
|
|
|
What is Potential energy?
|
The energy stored in an object, it as the ability to do work if force is applied
|
|
|
What is Kinetic energy?
|
The energy an object has while in motion
|
|
|
What is the First Law of Thermodynamics?
|
Energy can not be created or destroyed;it can only be transformed.
|
|
|
What is the second Law fo Thermodynamics?
|
Entropy is continuosly increasing in the universe
|
|
|
What is entropy?
|
The amount of disorder in a system
|
|
|
What is matter?
|
anything that has mass and takes up space
|
|
|
What are the 3 types of atoms and their respective charges?
|
Protons+, Neutrons^o, Electrongs-
|
|
|
How many energy levels are there and how are they named?
|
1-7,k-Q
|
|
|
How many electrons can the first 4 energy levels hold and what is the equation to find the rest.
|
2,8,18,32
2X^2 x=energy level |
|
|
What is z when we look at an element on the periodic table
|
atomic number
|
|
|
What is a when we look at an element onthe periodic table.
|
atomic weight
|
|
|
What is the octect rule?
|
Atoms will try to get 8 electrons in their outer shell to become most stable.
|
|
|
What is a molecule?
|
The smallest particle made by the covalent bonding of two or more atoms.
|
|
|
What is synthesis?
|
2 or more simple chemicals combine to produce a new complex chemical
|
|
|
What is decomposition?
|
A complex chemical breaks down into two or more simple chemicals.
|
|
|
What is single replacement?
|
an uncombined atom replaces an atom that is part of a compound
|
|
|
What is double replacement?
|
different atoms from 2 different compunds replace each other
|
|
|
What are the sides of a ph scale and how are they measured
|
1-14, 1-strong acid hyrdrogen molecules are 1X10^-1, 14-strong base hydrogen is 1X10^-14
|
|
|
A dead body decomposes because the ___ law of Thermodynamics. The living body keeps the entropy ___ by inputing energy
|
second, low
|
|
|
The ___ has positive charge and is found in the ___; whereas the ___ has negative charge and is found in the __
|
proton, atomic nucleus, electron, energy level
|
|
|
Energy level M holds a maximum of __ electrons
|
18
|
|
|
Potassium: atomic number = 19 and atomic weight = 39.098. The sequence of the z score, number of protons and mass number is
|
19,19,39.098
|
|
|
Aluminum ion is z = 13, mass = 27 and oxidation state of 3+. The number of protons, neutrons and electrons, in sequence, for Aluminum are
|
13,14,10
|
|
|
Oxygen has three isotopes (O-16, O-17 and O-18). Their numbers of neutrons, in sequence
|
8,9,10
|
|
|
Oxidation states: Ca+2; Cl-1. The molecular formula for calcium chloride is
|
CaCl2
|
|
|
The structural formula for magnesium fluoride is
|
F-Mg-F
|
|
|
The chemical reaction HNO3 + KOH ----> KNO3 + H2O is what kind of reaction?
|
double replacement
|
|
|
Nitric acid is an extremely strong acid. So, its concentration of hydrogen ions when dissolved could be close to ___ for a pH of __
|
1 x 10^-1; 1
|
|
|
An anion is made when...
|
A neutral atom gains and electron making it negatively charged
|
|
|
A cation is made when...
|
A neutral atom loses and electron making it posotively charged
|
