Ap Language Semester 1 Final Exam Vocab

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Accusatory

Back 1

Charging wrongdoing

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Analytical

Back 2

Breaking into comonent parts

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Apathetic

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Indifferent due to lack of energy or concern

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Awe

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Solemn wonder

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Bitter

Back 5

Exhibiting strong animosity as a result of pain or grief

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Callous

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Unfeeling; insensitive to feelings

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Capricious

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Erratic; unpredictable

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Caustic

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Intense use of sarcasm

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Choleric

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Hot-tempered; easily angered

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Conciliatory

Back 10

Agreeable; characterized by appeasement

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Condescension

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Feeling of superiority

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Contemplative

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Studying, thinking, reflecting on an issue

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Conventional

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Lacking spontaneity, originality, or individuality

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Critical

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Finding fault

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Cynical

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Questions the basic sincerity and goodness of people

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Derisive

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Ridiculing; mocking

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Didactic

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Author attempts to educate or instruct the reader

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Disdainful

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Scornful

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Earnest

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Intense and sincere state of mind

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Enthusiastic

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Excited; passionate

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Erudite

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Learned; polished; scholarly

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Fanciful

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Using the imagination

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Forthright

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Directly frank without hesitation

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Gloomy

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dark; sad; rejected

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Harsh

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Critical; severe

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Haughty

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Proud and vain to the point of arrogance

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Humorous

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Witty; intentionally funny

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Indignant

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Marked by anger aroused by injustice

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Informal

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Loose; casual; familiar

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Intimate

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Very familiar

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Jovial

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Happy

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Judgemental

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Authoritative and often critical opinion

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Lyrical

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Emotional; full of images; song-like; expressing inner feelings

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Malicious

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Purposely hurtful

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Matter-of-fact

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Accepting; not fanciful or emotional

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Mock-serious

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Satiric

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Mocking

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Treating with contempt or ridicule

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Morose

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Gloomy; sullen; surly; despondent

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Objective

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Unbiased view

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Obsequious

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Excessively polite; obedient in hopes of gain or favor

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Optimistic

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Hopeful; cheerful

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Patronizing

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Air of condescension

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Pessimistic

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Seeing the worst side of things

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Quizzical

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Odd, eccentric, amusing

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Reflective

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Illustrating innermost self

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Reverent

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Treating subject with honor or respect

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Ribald

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Offensive in speech or gesture

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Ridiculing

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Contemptuous banter

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Sanguine

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Cheerful; confident; optimistic

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Sarcastic

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Sneering; caustic

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Satiric

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Scornful and mocking (through immitation)

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Sincere

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Genuine; without deceit or pretense

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Solemn

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Deeply earnest; grave

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Somber

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Gloomy; grave

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Strident

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Harsh; insistent

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Superficial

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Shallow; lacking substance

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Tongue-in-cheek

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Ironic; whimsically exaggerrated

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Whimsical

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Odd; quirky

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Allegory

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Symbolic (or abstract) representation of character or story elements

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Alliteration

Back 60

Repitition of consonant sounds in neighboring text

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Allusion

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Direct or indirect reference to commonly known idea, event, book, or place

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Ambiguity

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Multiple meaning of passage, phrase, sentence, or word

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Analogy

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Comparison or similarity between two different things or the relationship between them

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Antecedent

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Word, phrases, or clause referred to by a pronoun

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Aphorism

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Terse statement which expresses a general truth or moral principal

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Apostrophe

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Figure of speech which addresses an absent or imaginary person or personified abstraction

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Atmosphere

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Emotional mood created by an entire literary work

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Clause

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Grammatical unit containing a subject and a verb

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Colloquial/ colloquialism

Back 69

Use of slang or informalities in speech or writing

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Conceit

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Extended metaphor/surprising analogy (unusual comparison)

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Connotation

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Non-literal associative meaning of a word

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Denotation

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Strict, literal dictionary definition of a word

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Diction

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Writer's word choices with regard to their correctness or clarity

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Euphemism

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Greek for "Good Speech" more agreeable term for unpleasant subject

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Extended metaphor

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Metaphor developed at great length (yet not a conceit)

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Figurative language

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Writing or speech not meant to carry literal meaning

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Figure of speech

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Simile, metaphor, and hyperbole are examples

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Generic conventions

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Differentiates between an essay and journalistic writing

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Genre

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Major category into which a literary work fits

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Homily

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Serious talk, speech, or lecture

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Hyperbole

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Figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration often comic

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Imagery

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Terms related to the five senses; how an author creates is important

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Inference/infer

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To draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented

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Invective

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Emotionally violent, verbal denunciation

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Irony/ironic

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Difference between what appears to be and what is actually true

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Loose sentence

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Independent clause comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units

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Metaphor

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Example: This quiz is a piece of cake

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Metonymy

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Greek for "changed label" or "substitute name"

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Mood

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Prevailing atmosphere of a work

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Narrative

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Telling of a story or account of an event

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Onomatopoeia

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Figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated by word sounds

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Oxymoron

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Greek for "pointedly foolish"

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Paradox

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Statement which appears to be self-contradictory but really carries some truth

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Parallelism

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Greek roots "beside one another"

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Parody

Back 95

Work which closely imitates the style or content of another with comic effect

Front 96

Pedantic

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Overly scholarly, academic, bookish

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Periodic sentence

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Sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end

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Personification

Back 98

Figure of speech in which the author presents or describes animals, concepts, or inanimate objects with human attributes

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Point of view

Back 99

First persion-protagonist, participant, or observer...
Third person omniscient-Narrator with god-like knowledge

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Predicate adjective

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Adjective clause which follows a linking verb

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Predicate nominative

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Word or clause which follows a linking verb and complements the subject by renaming it

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Prose

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Fiction and non-fiction (not poetry/drama)

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Repetition

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Duplication of elements of language, sounds

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Rhetoric

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Greek for "orator"; writing effectively

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Rhetorical modes

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Exposition, argumentation, persuasion, and description

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Semantics

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Study of the meanings of words

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Style

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Choices an author makes with regard to diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices

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Subordinate clause

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Word group which contains both a subject and a verb, but cannot stand alone

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Syllogism

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Greek for "reckoning together"; deductive system of formal logic

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Symbol/symbolism

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Object, action, character, or scene that represents something more abstract

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Syntax

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The way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, or sentences

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Theme

Back 112

Central idea or meaning of work

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Thesis

Back 113

Sentence of group of sentences which express the author's opinion or purpose

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Tone

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Author's attitude toward his/her material, the audience, or both

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Transition

Back 115

Word or phrase which links different ideas

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Understatement

Back 116

Ironic minimalizing, often humorous

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Wit

Back 117

Intellectually amusing language which surprises or delights