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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Eyebrows |
Located superior to the eye, they partially shade the yes, and protect them from sweat. |
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Eyelids |
Located over the eye. The eyelids blink to moisten the eye and sweep foreign substances from the eye's surface |
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Eyelashes |
Located on the margin of the eyelids. Prevent foreign substances from entering the eye, |
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Lacrimal Apparatus |
Composed of the lacrimal (or tear) gland and lacrimal ducts. Secretions or tears form the gland moisten the eye and washes away foreign substances. |
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Conjunctiva |
An epithelial covering in the inside of the eyelid and the anterior surface of the eye. Helps keep the cornea moist and clean. |
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Oblique Eye Muscles |
The supers oblique rotates the eye downward and medially. The inferior oblique rotates the eye upward and medially. |
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Rectus Eye Muscles |
The 4 muscles are the superior, inferior, medial, and lateral rectus muscles. These muscles move the eye up, down, medially, and laterally. |
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Aqueous and Vitreous Humours |
These are jelly-like fluids that fill the interior of the eye. |
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Sclera |
Commonly called the "white" of the eye. A tough, tendon-like layer continuous with the dura mater of the brain around the optic nerve. It shapes the eye and is the insertion point for the six muscles which control eye movements. |
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Cornea |
The most anterior layer of the eye that is continuous with the sclera. Transparent to allow light into the eye. Well supplied with nerve endings for pain, reflex blinking, and to stimulate lacrimal secretions. It also lacks blood vessels. |
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Choroid |
Separates the fibrous and sensory tunics. Contains a dense capillary bed that provides oxygen and nourishment to the eye. Also contains many melanocytes which give the choroid its dark appearance. |
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Iris |
Lies just beneath the cornea. The layer to which we attribute eye color. Composed of two layers of pupillary muscles that control the diameter of the pupil, and thus the amount of light entering the eye. |
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Pupil |
This is the round central opening in the center of the eye. |
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Ciliary Body |
A thick ting of tissue attached tom and lies just beneath the iris. Anchored at its margins by the choroid. Holds the lens in place beneath the iris and centered in the pupil. Contains the ciliary muscle, a smooth muscle that attaches to the lens. Changes the lens shape to focus light onto the retina. |
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Lens |
Located beneath the iris and held in the center of the pupil by suspending ligaments extending from the ciliary body. Transparent and convex on its outer and inner surfaces. Focuses an image on the retina by changing shape under the influence of the ciliary muscles. |
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Retina |
The delicate, two innermost layers of the eye. The neural layer contains photoreceptor and neurons that react to light and transmit and integrate visual signals. Beneath the neural layer lies the pigmented layer. It absorbs light that has passed through the neural layer to prevent the light from bouncing back and causing "visual echos". |
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Rods |
Photoreceptor cells very sensitive to light. They enable us to see shades of gray in dim light. |
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Cones |
Photoreceptor cells responsible for high acuity color vision. They only operate in bright light. There are 3 types of cones: sensitive to red, green, and blue light. |
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Bipolar Neurons |
Synapse with the dendrites of the rods and cones. They transmit nerve impulses to the ganglion cells. |
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Ganglion Cells |
Synapse with the axons of the bipolar neurons. The axons combine to form the optic nerve, which sends nerve impulses to the brain. |
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Optic Disc |
Where the optic nerve leaves the eye, Not covered by the retina. A blind spot in the eye. |
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Optic Nerve |
Cranial nerve II: it transmits visual information from the eye to the brain. |
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Fovea Centralis |
The portion of the retina that is responsible for sharp central vision. Humans use this region for any activity that requires detailed vision, such as driving. |