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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
All of the following are functions of the skeleton except:
attachment for muscles, production of melanin, site of red blood cell formation, storage of lipids |
production of melanin |
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The _____ skeleton consists of bones that surround the body's center of gravity. |
axial |
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The type of cartilage that has the greatest strength and is found in the knee joint and intervertebral discs is _____ |
fibrocartilage |
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______ bone looks smooth and homogeneous |
Compact |
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_____ are generally thin and have a layer of spongy bone between two layers of compact bone. |
Flat |
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The femur is an example of a _____ bone |
long |
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The shaft of a long bone is known as the _____ |
diaphysis |
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The structural unit of compact bone is the _____ |
osteon |
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True/False
Embryonic skeletons consist primarily of elastic cartilage, which is gradually replaced by bone during development and growth. |
False |
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True/False
Cartilage has a covering made of dense connective tissue called a periosteum. |
False |
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cartilage:
supports the external ear |
elastic |
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cartilage:
between the vertebrae |
fibrocartilage |
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cartilage:
forms the walls of the voice box (larynx) |
hyaline |
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cartilage:
the epiglottis |
elastic |
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cartilage:
articular cartilages |
hyaline |
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cartilage:
meniscus in a knee joint |
fibrocartilage |
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cartilage:
connects the ribs to the sternum |
hyaline |
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cartilage:
most effective at resisting compression |
hyaline |
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cartilage:
most springy and flexible |
elastic |
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cartilage:
most abundant |
hyaline |
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The four major anatomical classifications of bones are ..... |
1. long 2. short 3. flat 4. irregular |
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Which classification of bone has the least amount of spongy bone relative to its total weight |
long bones |
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Name some of the long bones |
There are 90 long bones in the body
femur, humerus, phalanges, ulna, radius, tibia, fibula, metacarpals, metatarsals |
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Name some of the short bones |
There are 39 short bones on the body
tarsals, carpals, calcaneous, patella |
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Name some of the flat bones |
There are 29 flat bones in the body
skull, sternum, scapula, clavicle, ribs |
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Name some of the irregular bones |
There are 57 bones in the body
vertebra, ossicles, ilium, pubis, coxal |
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sharp, slender process |
spine |
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small rounded projection |
tubercle |
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narrow ridge of bone |
crest |
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large rounded projection |
tuberosity |
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structure supported on the neck |
head |
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armlike projection |
ramus |
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rounded, articular projection |
condyle |
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narrow opening |
fissure |
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canal-like structure |
meatus |
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round or oval opening through a bone |
foramen |
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shallow depression |
fossa |
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air-filled cavity |
sinus |
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large, irregularly shaped projection |
trochanter |
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raised area on or above a condyle |
epicondyle |
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projection or prominence |
process |
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smooth, nearly flat articular surface |
facet |
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Long bone:
contains spongy bone in adults |
epiphysis |
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Long bone:
made of compact bone |
diaphysis |
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Long bone:
site of blood formation |
epiphysis |
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Long bone:
major submembranous sites of osteoclasts |
endosteum |
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Long bone:
scientific term for bone shaft |
diaphysis |
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Long bone:
contains fat in adult bones |
medullary cavity |
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Long bone:
growth plate remnant |
epiphyseal line |
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Long bone:
major submembranous site of osteoblasts |
periosteum |
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What differences between compact and spongy bone can be seen with the naked eye |
compact is dense, strong, yellow marrow
spongy is ends of the bones, red marrow, and looks like a sponge |
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What is the function of the periosteum |
fibrous membrane covering attached by fibers enter into the bone allowing nerves, blood/lymphatic vessels to pass through |
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What is the function of the organic matrix in bone |
gives flexibility and strength |
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Name the important organic bone components |
collagen fibers and osteocytes |
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Calcium salts form the bulk of the inorganic material in bone. What is the function of the calcium salts |
gives the bone hardness and compressional strenght |
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Baking removes (a)______ from bone. Soaking the bone in acid removes (b)______ |
(a) water
(b) calcium salts |
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trace the route taken by nutrients through a bone, starting with the periosteum and ending with an osteocyte in a lacuna |
periosteum => performing canals => central canals => caliculus => osteocyte in a lacuna |
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Bone structure:
layers of bony matrix around a central canal |
concentric lamella |
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Bone structure:
site of osteocytes |
lacunae |
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Bone structure:
longitudinal canal carrying blood vessels, lymphatics. and nerves |
central canal |
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Bone structure:
minute canals connecting osteoctytes of an osteon |
canaliculi |
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Bone structure:
inorganic salts deposited in organic ground substance |
matrix |
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canaliculi central canal concentric lamellae lacunae matrix |
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