A&p Ii Final Pt. 2 Ch. 24 Mastering

Front 1

Which of the following is NOT a component of the urinary tract?

Back 1

kidneys

Front 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the functions of the urinary system?

Back 2

regulation of leukocyte production

Front 3

The right kidney sits ________ to the left kidney due to the position of the liver.

Back 3

inferior

Front 4

Urine is transported from kidney to the urinary bladder by the:

Back 4

ureter.

Front 5

Erythropoietin is produced by the kidneys to:

Back 5

regulate red blood cell production by the bone marrow.

Front 6

What external covering protects the kidney from physical shock?

Back 6

adipose capsule

Front 7

The indentation on the medial surface of the kidney is the:

Back 7

hilum.

Front 8

What are the three main regions of the kidney?

Back 8

renal pelvis, renal medulla, renal cortex

Front 9

The functional units of the kidneys are:

Back 9

nephrons.

Front 10

In which kidney region are the renal pyramids located?

Back 10

renal medulla

Front 11

Urine drains from a major calyx into:

Back 11

the renal pelvis.

Front 12

A glomerulus is:

Back 12

a set of capillaries within the renal corpuscle

Front 13

Place these vessels in the correct order as blood flows into and through the kidney.

1. afferent arteriole

2. arcuate artery

3. efferent arteriole

4. glomerulus

5. interlobar artery

6. interlobular (cortical radiate) artery

7. renal artery

8. segmental artery

Back 13

7, 8, 5, 2, 6, 1, 4, 3

Front 14

Simple squamous epithelium is located in the:

Back 14

descending limb of the nephron loop (loop of Henle)

Front 15

The process of filtration occurs at the:

Back 15

renal corpuscle

Front 16

Returning fluid and solutes from filtrate to blood happens via __________.

Back 16

tubular reabsorption

Front 17

What should NOT be found in filtrate?

Back 17

albumin

Front 18

Which statement best describes the function of tubular reabsorption?

Back 18

Tubular reabsorption reclaims items from filtrate and returns them to the blood

Front 19

Filtration happens at the:

Back 19

glomerulus

Front 20

Which of the following is NOT a component of the filtration membrane?

Back 20

epithelial cells of the glomerular capsule

Front 21

Which of the following solutes are not able to pass through the filtration membrane in a healthy kidney?

Back 21

albumin

Front 22

Which of the following is NOT part of the filtration membrane?

Back 22

squamous epithelial cells of the glomerular capsule

Front 23

Which of the following will NOT pass across the filtration membrane?

Back 23

plasma proteins

Front 24

The amount of filtrate formed by both kidneys in 1 minute is defined as the __________.

Back 24

GFR

Front 25

Fenestrated glomerular capillaries are typically impermeable to:

Back 25

albumin.

Front 26

Determine the correct order of the structure of the filtration membrane from deep to superficial.

Back 26

fenestrated glomerular capillary endothelial cells, basal lamina, podocytes

Front 27

The main force that promotes filtration in a nephron is:

Back 27

glomerular hydrostatic pressure (GHP).

Front 28

The glomerular filtration rate is defined as:

Back 28

the amount of filtrate formed by both kidneys in one minute

Front 29

What effect does high blood pressure have on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in the absence of regulatory mechanisms?

Back 29

GFR will increase.

Front 30

What will NOT stimulate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)?

Back 30

an increase in systemic blood pressure

Front 31

Which of the following is an effect of angiotensin-II (A-II)?

Back 31

A-II promotes thirst.

Front 32

What is a renal mechanism that raises systemic blood pressure?

Back 32

increase secretion of renin by the juxtaglomerular (JG) cells

Front 33

Sympathetic stimulation of the kidney can do all of the following, EXCEPT:

Back 33

increase the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Front 34

Secretion happens via:

Back 34

Facilitated transport only

Front 35

Reabsorption moves water and solutes:

Back 35

from filtrate to blood

Front 36

If there was no reabsorption in the proximal tubule, which of the following useful substances would be lost in urine:

Back 36

glucose

Front 37

Reabsorption in which substances pass between adjacent tubular cells is called:

Back 37

paracellular

Front 38

Which of the following is true about tubular reabsorption?

Back 38

It involves carrier-mediated transport.

Front 39

Most nutrients, such as glucose, are reabsorbed in the __________.

Back 39

proximal tubule

Front 40

Promotes vasoconstriction of efferent arterioles and systemic blood vessels

Back 40

angiotensin-II (A-II)

Front 41

Inserts aquaporins to increase water reabsorption by cells in the late distal tubule and cortical collecting duct

Back 41

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Front 42

Promotes the release of aldosterone by the adrenal glands

Back 42

angiotensin-II (A-II)

Front 43

Released by the juxtaglomerular (JG) cells in response to a decrease in systemic blood pressure

Back 43

renin

Front 44

Triggers urinary excretion of sodium ions

Back 44

atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Front 45

Converts angiotensin-I (A-I) to active angiotensin-II (A-II)

Back 45

angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)

Front 46

Which of the following is NOT true about tubular reabsorption?

Back 46

Tubular reabsorption is entirely a passive process.

Front 47

The reabsorption of bicarbonate ions in the proximal tubule helps regulate:

Back 47

blood pH.

Front 48

In the ascending limb of the nephron loop (loop of Henle), the:

Back 48

thick segment is impermeable to water but permeable to sodium and chloride ions.

Front 49

Where are creatinine, ammonium ions, small amounts of urea, and drugs such as penicillin typically secreted?

Back 49

proximal tubule

Front 50

Which hormones promote facultative water reabsorption?

Back 50

aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Front 51

Which statement is TRUE regarding antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

Back 51

ADH increases the permeability of the late distal tubule and cortical collecting ducts to water.

Front 52

Reabsorption of filtered glucose from the filtrate into the cells of the proximal tubule is by:

Back 52

secondary active transport.

Front 53

The distal tubule is a site for:

Back 53

reabsorption and secretion

Front 54

Which of the following hormones causes sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule?

Back 54

Aldosterone

Front 55

Which of the following would be a “potassium sparing diuretic,” a drug that causes an increase in water loss, and a decrease in potassium loss in the kidneys?

Back 55

a drug that blocks the effect of aldosterone

Front 56

Consuming alcohol inhibits the release of ADH. As a result __________.

Back 56

urine volume will increase

Front 57

The filtrate is most concentrated __________.

Back 57

at the turn of the nephron loop

Front 58

How much urine, in liters, is typically produced in a 24 hour period?

Back 58

1.8

Front 59

Which of the following is a normal property of urine?

Back 59

translucent

Front 60

The yellow color of urine comes from the presence of:

Back 60

urochrome.

Front 61

The micturition reflex is initiated by __________.

Back 61

stretch receptors in the wall of the bladder

Front 62

What process propels urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder in the ureters?

Back 62

peristalsis