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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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thyroxine
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target: thyroid
action: increases metabolism |
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estrogen
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target: bone
action: increases bone density |
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thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
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traget: thyroid
action: release of thyroxine |
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insulin
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target: body cells
action: causes cells to take up glucose |
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follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
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target: ovaries and testes
action: release of eggs and sperm |
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What is the role of the hypothalamus in the production of thyroxine and TSH?
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Produces TRH which causes the pituitary to release TSH which causes the thyroid to produce thyroxine
TRH (hypothyroid) --> TSH (pituitary) --> Thyroxine (thyroid) |
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How does thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) travel from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland?
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Through the hypophyseal portal system
TRH (hypothyroid) --> TSH (pituitary) --> Thyroxine (thyroid) |
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What are tropic hormones?
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Hormones that have their effect on other endocrine gland
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In the metabolism experiment, what was the effect of thyroxine on the overall metabolic rate of the animals?
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Increased
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Using the respirometer-manometer, you observed the amount of oxygen being used by animals in a closed chamber. What happened to the carbon dioxide the animals produced while in the chamber?
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Absorbed by the soda-lime at the bottom of the container
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Why didn't the administration of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) have any effect on the metabolic rate of the thyroidectomized rat?
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No target cells for the TSH to act on
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Why didn't the administration of propylthiouracil have any effect on the metabolic rate of either the thyroidectomized rate or the hypophysectomized rat?
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Destroys thyroxine so they don't make any and the PTU cannot have any effect
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Explain why ovariectomized rats were used in this experiment and correlate this to their baseline T score
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Because trying to test how calcitonin and estrogen would help the effects of osteoporosis. The T score is low because they are thrown into osteoporosis.
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Recap your predictions regarding the effects of calcitonin and estrogen on bone density and explain why you made those predictions
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Estrogen helped, calcitonin didn't because they are adult rats -- would need extremely high calcium levels to see calcitonin having any effect
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WHy was one of the ovariectomized rats injected with saline?
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It was a control.
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What is the general name of the types of organs that produce hormones?
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Endocrine
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What name is given to cells or tissues receptive to hormones?
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Target cells
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Melatonin is secreted by what gland?
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Pineal
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Where is ADH stored?
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posterior pituitary gland
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What is the effect of TSH and where is it produced?
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Produced in the pituitary gland and it stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroxine
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What connects the two lobes of the thyroid gland?
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Isthmus
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Does parathormone increase or decrease calcium levels in the blood?
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Increase
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What does glucagon do as a hormone, and where is it produced?
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Increases blood glucose levels and is produced in the pancreas
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Which hormones in the adrenal gland control water and electrolyte balance?
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Aldosterone
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What is the primary gland that secretes epinephrine?
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Adrenal medulla
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Where is growth hormone produced?
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Pituitary gland
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What is another name of T4?
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Thyroxine
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