A&p I--Autonomic Nervous System

Front 1

What does the autonomic nervous system innervate?

Back 1

Glands, Smooth muscle, Cardiac muscle

Front 2

Differences between autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system?

Back 2

Somatic= innervates skeletal muscle

Autonomic=innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands

SNS has one lower motor neuron

ANS has two lower motor neurons

Front 3

Where are the cell bodies of the two lower motor neurons of the ANS located?

Back 3

First cell body in lateral gray horn, second in ganglion outside spinal cord.

Front 4

Iss the ANS sensory or motor?

Back 4

Motor

Front 5

PAthway of efferent ANS:

Back 5

First cell body in lateral gray horn, axon in ventral root, second cell body in ganglion, axon forms nerve, goes to effector (smooth or cardiac muscle or glands)

Front 6

What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

Back 6

Parasympathetic and sympathetic

Front 7

What is meant by "dual innervation?"

Back 7

Two systems supply one organ (both sympathetic and parasympathetic)

Front 8

Which part of the brain controls ANS?

Back 8

The hypothalamus

Front 9

Where does the sympathetic nervous system start in the spinal cord?

Back 9

T1-L2 (thoracic to lumbar)

Front 10

Where does the parasympathetic nervous system start in the spinal cord?

Back 10

Cranial nerves in the brain (brain stem) and pelvic nerves (Sacral region)

Front 11

Where are the ganglia of the SNS located? PSNS?

Back 11

Sympathetic trunk

Front 12

What are the neurotransmitters used by both SNS and PSNS?

Back 12

Adrenaline/epinephrine and acetylcholine

Front 13

Do sympathetic impulses exit out of cervical spinal cord? What about brain stem or sacral spinal cord?

Back 13

No, no, and no.

Front 14

Is the preganglionic neuron of the SNS short or long? The postganglionic neuron?

Back 14

Short and long

Front 15

Preganglionic an postganglionic neurons of Parasympathetic nervous system short or long?

Back 15

Long and short

Front 16

Which cranial nerves involved in the parasympathetic nervous system?

Back 16

Oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus

Front 17

Terminal ganglion

Back 17

ganglion located right next to the end organ (in parasympathetic)

Front 18

What is the pathway for sympathetic nervous system?

Back 18

Short preganglionic neuron--> Ganglion--> Long postganglionic neuron--> end organ

Front 19

Where is acetylcholine released in symp nervous system, and what is the first neuron called that releases it?

Back 19

Released at sympathetic trunk, first neuron that releases it called cholinergic.

Front 20

Where is norepinephrine released in symp nervous system, and what is the second neuron called that releases it?

Back 20

Released at end organ, neuron called adrenergic.

Front 21

What is receptor for acetylcholine at synapse in sympathetic nervous system?

Back 21

Nicotinic

Front 22

What is receptor for Norepinephrine in sympathetic nervous system?

Back 22

Alpha or beta receptor

Front 23

What causes adrenaline release in blood?

Back 23

Preganglionic neurons stimulate adrenal medullae and release adrenaline into blood.

Front 24

Pathway in parasympathetic nervous system?

Back 24

lone preganglionic neuron--> ganglion--> short post ganglionic neuron--> end organ

Front 25

Where is acetylcholine released in parasympathetic nervous system?

Back 25

At terminal ganglion and end organ--first neuron releasing actly called cholinergic, second neuron releasing actyl, also called cholinergic.

Front 26

What is the receptor for acetylcholine in parasympathetic nervous system? (first neuron) Receptor for the second neuron that releases acetylcholine?

Back 26

Nicotinic receptor/ Muscarinic receptor

Front 27

Parasympathetic pathway from brain stem:

Back 27

Brain stem--> long preganglionic neuron--> terminal ganglion--> Short postganglionic neuron--> end organ

Front 28

Parasympathetic pathway from pelvic region:

Back 28

Lateral horn of sacral spinal cord--> Long preganglionic neuron--> Pelvic nerves--> terminal ganglion--> short postganglionic neuron--> end organ

Front 29

Which system is referred to as "fight or flight?" Why?

Back 29

Sympathetic nervous system--makes body ready for emergencies.

Front 30

Which system is referred to as "rest and digest?"

Back 30

Parasympathetic---most active when body is relaxed.

Front 31

What are examples of autonomic reflexes?

Back 31

Pupillary, urinary, defecation

Front 32

What is a sympathomietric drug? Parasympathomietric drug?

Back 32

One that imitates the sympathetic nervous system/parasympathetic nervous system.

Front 33

What is a sympatholytic/parasympatholytic drug?

Back 33

Antagonistic to sympathetic/parasympathetic nervous system

Front 34

When would a beta blocker be given?

Back 34

To slow heart beat if person has very rapid heart rate.

Front 35

What is a beta blocker?

Back 35

Drugs that block the receptors of the symp nervous system.

Front 36

What effect would sympathetic nervous system have on skin blood vessels? Parasympathetic?

Back 36

Constrict them/Dilate them