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48 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Natural Law
Rights given to every human because they exist
Inalienable Rights
rights that may not be given away by those who have them
Social Contract (Legitimacy)
View that morality is based on social agreements that serve the interests of those who make the agreement.
Divine Right of Kings
Power given to the king comes from god
Popular sovereignty
The power of the government rests with the people
Classical Republicanism
The idea that the individual exists to serve the common good of the country
Delegated (Enumerated) Powers
Written in the constitution; numbered power.
Republican Government
Representation, by vote of the people.
Federal Government
Power is shared between local (subnational) and national government
Unitary Government
Central government has most of the power and decision-making ability
Confederation government
Government where power is split between central government and states.
Corruption of Blood
The incapacity to inherit, or pass an inheritance, in consequence of an attainder to which the party has been subject.
Reserved Powers
Power belongs to the states
Concurrent Powers
Power belongs to the state and national government.
Denied Powers
Power cannot be exercised
Necessary And Proper (elastic) Powers
The Congress shall have Power - To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.
Separation of Powers
Splitting of national power into 3 parts, legislative, judicial, and executive.
Checks and Balances
Each branch has the power to stop the others.
Full Faith and Credit Clause
Full faith and credit shall be given in each state to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state.
Privileges and Immunities Clause
The Privileges and Immunities Clause (U.S. Constitution, Article IV, Section 2, Clause 1, also known as the Comity Clause) prevents a state from treating citizens of other states in a discriminatory manner, with regard to basic civil rights.
Letters of Marque and Reprisal
an official warrant or commission from a government authorizing the designated agent to search, seize, or destroy specified assets or personnel belonging
Theocracy
Theocracy is a form of government in which a god or deity is recognized as the state's supreme civil ruler
Secular Government
Government with separation of church and state
Amendament
Altering or abolishment of a part of the Constitution
Ratify (Ratification)
The act of approving a law or bill.
Extended Sphere
Idea that more representation is stronger than less representation.
Dual federalism
Both national and state governments supreme in their own spheres
Nationalization Period
This period marked a substantial growth in the power of the national government and was dominated by the federal Supreme Court under the leadership of Chief Justice John Marshall
Cooperative Federalism
cooperative federalism, began when Franklin D. Roosevelt assumed the presidency in 1933. This period of increased cooperation was made necessary because of the economic collapse during the great depression
Creative Federalism
This period was marked by the use of categorical grants that the national government provided to the states for a specific purpose
New Federalism
established federal revenue sharing which provided block grants that the states could use for any purpose that they desired, which increased the power of the states to make their own decisions
Competitive Federalism
This period has been called Competitive Federalism because there was an increased competition between the states and the national government to exert influence and power
Elites
Rule by identifiable group of persons who possess a disproportionate share of political power
Monarchy
One Ruler
Democracy
Direct - People handle problems themselves; Indirect - Representatives are elected to handle problems.
Oligarchy
Few Rulers
Aristocracy
Wealthy ruling class
Charter
A document issued by a sovereign, legislature, or other authority, creating a public or private corporation, such as a city, college, or bank, and defining its privileges and purposes.
Bicameral
Two Chamber legislature
Unicameral
Single Chamber legislature
Federalists
Supported ratification of the constitution
Anti-Federalists
Opposed ratification of the constitution
Compromise
concept of finding agreement through communication, through a mutual acceptance of terms
Federal Revenue Sharing
provided block grants that the states could use for any purpose that they desired, which increased the power of the states to make their own decisions
Block Grant
which increases the power of the states to make their own decisions
Categorical Grant
grants, issued by the United States Congress, which may be spent only for narrowly-defined purposes
Repeal
reversing or removal of a law
Abolish
To get rid of a law