Ap Gov Chapter 7 Vocab

Front 1

political socialization

Back 1

the process, most notably in families and schools, by which we develoo our political attitudes, values, and beliefs

Front 2

attitudes

Back 2

an individual's propensity to perceive, interpret, or act toward a particular object in a particular way

Front 3

selective exposure

Back 3

individuals choosing to access media with which they agree or avoiding media with which they disagree

Front 4

deliberation

Back 4

the idea of people coming together, listening to each other, exchanging ideas, learning to appreciate each other's differenced, and defending their opinions

Front 5

social capital

Back 5

the value of social contacts, associations, and networks individuals form which can foster trust, coordination, and cooperation

Front 6

atrentive public

Back 6

citizens who follow public affairs carefully; approximately 25% of public

Front 7

public opinion

Back 7

the distribution of individual preferences for or evaluations of a given issue, candidate, or institution within a specific population

Front 8

random sample

Back 8

in the type of sample every individual has a known and equal chance of being selected

Front 9

margin of error

Back 9

the range of percentage points in which the sample accurately reflects the population (about 3% in 1000 people)

Front 10

universe

Back 10

the group of people whose preferences we try to measure by taking a sample; also called population

Front 11

intensity

Back 11

a measure of how strongly an individual holds a particular opinion

Front 12

latency

Back 12

political opinions that are held but not yet expressed

Front 13

manifest opinion

Back 13

a widely shared and consciously held view, such as support for abortion rights or for homeland security

Front 14

salience

Back 14

an individual's belief that an issue is important or relevant to him or her

Front 15

political ideology

Back 15

a constant pattern of ideas or beliefs about political values and the role of government, including how it shoukd work and how it actually does work

Front 16

liberalism

Back 16

a belief that government can bring about justice and equality of opportunity

Front 17

conservatism

Back 17

a belief in private property rights and free enterprise; want to keep government small, although they support a strong national defense

Front 18

social conservative

Back 18

focus less on economics and more on morality and lifestyle; favor strong governmental regulations on pornography and drugs; do not support abortion or same-sex marriage rights

Front 19

socialism

Back 19

governmental system where some of the means of production are controlled by the state and where tge state provides key human welfare services like health care and old age assistance

Front 20

communism

Back 20

a belief that the state owns property in common for all people and a single political party that repesents the working classes controls the government

Front 21

libertarianisn

Back 21

would limit government to such vital activities as national defense while fostering individual liberty; oppose all government regulations, even of personal morality (ex: oppose mandatory seat belt laws)

Front 22

voter registration

Back 22

a system designed to reduce voter fraud by limiting voting to those who have established eligibility to vote by submitting the proper documents, including proof of residency

Front 23

general election

Back 23

election in which voters elect officeholders

Front 24

primary elections

Back 24

election in which voters determine party nominees

Front 25

presidential election

Back 25

election held in year when the president is on the ballot

Front 26

midterm election

Back 26

election held midway between presidential elections; elect 1/3 of the Senate and all members of House of Representatives

Front 27

turnout

Back 27

the proportion of the voting age public that votes; sometimes defined as the number of registered voters that vote

Front 28

party identification

Back 28

an informal and subjective affiliation with a political party that most people acquire in childhood

Front 29

candidate appeal

Back 29

how voters feel about a candidate's background, personality, leadership ability, and other personal qualities

Front 30

prospective issue voting

Back 30

voting based on what a candiate pledges to do in the future about an issue if elected

Front 31

retrospective issue voting

Back 31

holding incumbents, usually the president's party responsible for their records on issues, such as the economy or foreign policy