Ap Gov- Chapter 14/15 Brown Sheet Terms

Front 1

"honeymoon period"

Back 1

first 100 days of presidency; approval ratings often high

Front 2

20th Ammendment

Back 2

moved the beginning and ending of the terms of the President and Vice President from March 4 to January 20; included provisions on what to do when there is no president elect

Front 3

22nd Ammendment

Back 3

The president may only preside 2 terms

Front 4

25th Ammendment

Back 4

succession order; establishes procedures both for filling a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, as well as responding to Presidential disabilities

Front 5

Aprropriation

Back 5

a legislative grant of money to finance a government program or agency

Front 6

Authorization Legislation

Back 6

Legislative permission to begin or continue a government program or agency

Front 7

Bully Pulpit

Back 7

president's use of his prestige and visibility to guide or enthuse the American public

Front 8

Bureaucracy

Back 8

a large, complex organization composed of appointed officials

Front 9

Cabinet

Back 9

heads of 15 executive branch departments of the federal government

Front 10

CBO

Back 10

Congressional Busget Organization

Front 11

CEA

Back 11

Council of Economic Advisors

Front 12

Civil Service System

Back 12

refers to either a branch of governmental service in which individuals are employed on the basis of professional merit as proven by competitive examinations; NO favors (spoils system)

Front 13

Congressional Oversight

Back 13

refers to the review, monitoring, and supervision of federal agencies, programs, activities, and policy implementation. Congress exercises this power largely through its congressional committee system.

Front 14

Discretionary Authority

Back 14

the extent to which appointed bureaucrats can choose courses of action and make policies that aren't spelled out in advance by laws

Front 15

Divided Government

Back 15

one party controls the white house and the other controls one or both chambers of Congress

Front 16

Unified Government

Back 16

same party controls the White House and both chambers of Congress

Front 17

Electoral College

Back 17

people chosen to cast each state's votes in a presidential election:

-each state has one vote for senator & rep

-D.C. has 3 votes, cannot elect reps. and senators

Front 18

Executive Agreement

Back 18

an international agreement, usu. regarding routine administrative matters not warranting a formal treaty, made by the executive branch of the US government without ratification by the Senate.

Front 19

Executive Order

Back 19

a rule or order issued by the president to an executive branch of the government and having the force of law (i.e. immigration executive order)

Front 20

Executive Privilege

Back 20

the privilege, claimed by the president , of withholding information in the public interest since National security may depend on it (US vs. Nixon...Nixon could not claim executive privilege)

Front 21

Fed. Employees Political Activities Act

Back 21

Fed. employees may not p participate in politics while in uniform/office; may advocate for certain causes and parties (1st amendment)

Front 22

Government Corportations

Back 22

-business-like services for private companies

-charge for services

-i.e. TVA, Postal Service, Amtrak

Front 23

Gridlock

Back 23

inability of the government to act because rival parties control different parts of the government

Front 24

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Back 24

increase in presidential war power; may do what is necessary and proper to fight war

Front 25

Hatch Act

Back 25

dealt with federal employee participation

Front 26

Impeachment

Back 26

ormal process in which an official is accused of unlawful activity, the outcome of which, depending on the country, may include the removal of that official from office as well as criminal or civil punishment.

Front 27

Implementation

Back 27

translating the goals and objectives of a policy into an operating, ongoing program

-i.e. creating and assigning an agency to policy; translating policy into rules, regulations, and forms; coordinating resources and achieving goals

Front 28

Independent Agencies

Back 28

agencies that exist outside of the federal executive departments (those headed by a Cabinet secretary); constitutionally part of the executive branch, are independent of presidential control

Front 29

Independent Regulatory Agencies (IRAs)

Back 29

responsible for a sector of economy making rules and judging disputes

-i.e. FCC, FTC, SEC, EPA

Front 30

Iron Triangle

Back 30

a close relationship between n agency, a congressional committee, and an interest group

Front 31

Issue Network

Back 31

a network of people in Washington D.C.-based interest groups, on congressional staffs, in universities and think tanks, and in the mass media who regularly discuss and advocate programs or agencies.

Front 32

Lame Duck

Back 32

an official in the final period of office

Front 33

Legislative Veto

Back 33

authority of congress to block a presidential action after it has taken place. Supreme court has held that Congress does not have this power.

Front 34

Line-Item Veto

Back 34

executive's ability to block a particular provision in a bill passed by the legislature

Front 35

Merit System

Back 35

hiring federal workers based on skill level and not the spoils system; NO favors; candidates take skills test to be hired

Front 36

Name-request job

Back 36

a job that is filled by a person whom an agency has already identified

Front 37

NSC

Back 37

National Security Council

Front 38

OMB

Back 38

Office of Management and Business

Front 39

Patronage

Back 39

favoritism, nepotism, preferential treatment, pork-barreling

Front 40

Pendleton Act

Back 40

dealt with patronage; government jobs should be awarded on the basis of merit; jobs awarded based on result of competitive test

Front 41

Pocket Veto

Back 41

bill fails to become a law because the president did not sign within 10 days before Congress adjourns

Front 42

Signing Statement

Back 42

presidential document that reveals what the president thinks of a new law and how it should be enforced

Front 43

Spoils System

Back 43

presidents hire federal workers as a 'favor' or in return for votes/money

Front 44

State of the Union Address

Back 44

president's role as state legislator and able to use bully pulpit role as a lot of America watches this; meant as an update for Congress

Front 45

US vs. Nixon

Back 45

Watergate scandal; supreme court case in which Nixon claimed executive privelege over security recording tapes; supreme court overturned that claim; Nixon is forced to hand tapes over...but he tampers with them first resulting in resignation before he would probably be impeached

Front 46

War Powers Act

Back 46

decrease in presidential power; enacts a time limit and instils troop withdraw during a war

Front 47

Circular Structure

Back 47

multiple dept. leaders report directly to the president:

-high on info

-low on deception capability

-high on confusion

Front 48

Ad-Hoc Sructure

Back 48

informal

Front 49

Pyramidal Structure

Back 49

People report to president through clear chain of command headed by a chief of staff:

-high on isolation

-high on deception capability (pres. usually doesn't know lot)

-low on confusion because of clear chain of command

Front 50

Veto message

Back 50

message from president to Congress stating that he will not sign a bill it has passed. MUST be within 10 days to bill passage.