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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Government
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The Institutions and processes through which Public policies are made.
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Public Goods
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Goods that all in the nation must share (water, air).
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Politics
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The process that we use to select government leaders and the policies that they pursue.
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Political Participation
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All activities used by citizens to influence the selection of political leaders or their policies.
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Single-Issue Groups
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Groups that have narrow interest and dislike compromise.
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Policymaking System
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The process by which policy comes into being and evolves over time.
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Linkage Institutions
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The channels through which people's concerns get onto the policy agenda.
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Policy Agenda
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The Issues that attract the serious attention of public officials at a particular time.
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Political Issue
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An issue that arises when people disagree about a problem and how to fix it.
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Policymaking Institutions
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The branches of government charged with taking action on Political Issues (3).
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Public Policy
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A choice that government makes in response to a political issue.
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Democracy
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A system of selecting leaders and of organizing government so that policy represents public preference.
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Majority Rule
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A principle of democracy saying that the majority's desire be respected.
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Minority Rights
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A principle that gives rights to those not in the majority so that all have a voice.
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Representation
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A principle that describes the relationship between the few leaders and many followers.
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Pluralist Theory
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A theory saying that politics is mainly a competition among groups, each desiring its own policies.
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Elite and Class Theory
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A theory saying that societies are divided along class lines and that an upper-class elite will rule.
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Hyperpluralism
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A theory saying that groups are so strong that governments are weakened.
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Policy Gridlock
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A condition that occurs when no coalition is strong enough to form a majority and establish policy.
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Gross Domestic Product
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THe sum total of the value of all the goods and services produced in a nation.
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Individualism
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The belief that individuals should be left alone by the government.
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Linkage Institutions include:
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parties, interest groups, media, elections...
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PAC
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Political Action Committees
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Political Action Committees
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Represent specific interests and offer funding to candidates. Care little about other issues.
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Roger Sherman said:
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People should have as little to do as may be with the government
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Challenges to Democracy
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Technical Expertise, Limited political participation, high campaign costs, diversity of interests
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An Ideal Democracy/Traditional
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Equality in voting, effective participation, enlightened understanding, citizen control of agenda, inclusion
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Robert Putnam--Bowling Alone
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Criticizing pluralism.
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Social Security takes how much of federal budget?
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more than 1/5th
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National Defense takes how much of federal budget?
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about 1/6th
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Medicare takes how much of federal budget?
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more than 1/10th
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US spends about:
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$2.3 Trillion/year
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Founding Fathers thought what of Democracy?
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They were distrustful of it.
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Harold Lasswel defines policy as:
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Who gets what, when, and how
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Alexis de Tocqueville is for or against which theory of democracy?
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For pluralism.
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