Ap Euro Unit 9 Vocab Set 2

Front 1

Rubber Condoms 19th Century

Back 1

Used by lower classes for the first time in the 1900s, inhibited STD spread and population growth.

Front 2

Emigration

Back 2

Leaving one's country and moving to another. Poor harvests and political problems led many people across Europe to emigrate, especially in Ireland.

Front 3

Zionist Movement

Back 3

A Jewish movement that wanted a Jewish national state in Palestine. Partially fulfilled by Israel.

Front 4

Erin’s Isle

Back 4

A ballad that told the story of Irish people emigrating from Ireland.

Front 5

Proletarian

Back 5

A member of the proletariat class, who are the working class people that provide labor. They were the targets of marxist and socialist movements across Europe.

Front 6

Zola

Back 6

(1840-1902)

French novelist, best known for his work in literary naturalism. He influenced France to become more liberal.

Front 7

Baron Georges Haussmann

Back 7

(1809-1891)

Chosen by Napoleon III to renovate Paris. He was criticized for being to extravagant, but his vision of Paris still influences it today.

Front 8

Georges Seurat

Back 8

(1859-1891)

French post-Impressionist artist who is known for creating the chromoluminarism and pointillism painting techniques.

Front 9

London’s East End

Back 9

London grew quickly in the 1900s. During this time, poor people and immigrants became concentrated in London's East End.

Front 10

Ferry Laws

Back 10

A set of French laws by Minister of Education Jules Ferry establishing free education (1881) as well as mandatory and secular education (1882).

Front 11

Karl Marx

Back 11

(1818-1883)

German philosopher whose works make up Marxist philosophy. He advocated for the advancement of socialism and communism instead of capitalism.

Front 12

Sickness Insurance Law of 1883

Back 12

Gave workers in Germany compensation from their employers due to injury, sickness, or old age. Was an example of more liberal/leftist ideas.

Front 13

Artisan’s Dwelling Act

Back 13

An act in England under Benjamin Disraeli that forced the owners of slums to sell them to local councils, who would tear them down and rebuild them into better houses.

Front 14

General Confederation of Labor

Back 14

(1895)

One of the largest French trade unions, was connected with the French Communist Party.

Front 15

Taylorism

Back 15

A theory of management focused on improving production by using applied science and engineering. Was influential in the US, France, and USSR.

Front 16

Rosa Luxemburg

Back 16

(1871-1919)

Marxist theorist and philosopher. Influenced Germany especially by promoting communist and socialist parties.

Front 17

Paris Commune of 1871

Back 17

Radical Socialist and Revolutionary government that ruled Paris after the fall of the French Empire. Refused to accept the national government's authority. Early example of proletariat revolution.

Front 18

Social Democratic Party

Back 18

Founded in Germany in 1875 to represent the workers and involve them in politics.

Front 19

Syllabus of Error

Back 19

A document issued by the Pope in 1864 that listed 80 errors in philosophy and politics. Attacked liberalism, modernism, and secularism.

Front 20

Rerum Novarum

Back 20

An open letter from the Pope in 1891 discussing the relationship between labor and capital. It rejected socialism and unrestricted capitalism whil supporting unions and private property.

Front 21

George Sorel

Back 21

(1847-1922)

French philosopher. His idea of the power of "myth" in people's lives as well as his defense of violence inspired anarchists, socialists, and fascists.

Front 22

Emmeline Pankhurst

Back 22

(1858-1928)

British political activist who started the movement for women's suffrage in Britain.

Front 23

Jean-Francois Millet

Back 23

(1814-1875)

French realist painter notable for his work on the peasantry.

Front 24

Opium

Back 24

An important trade item for Britain and China. Britain forced China to start selling opium in 1839.

Front 25

Pablo Picasso

Back 25

(1881-1973)

Spanish artist known for his collages and the Cubist movement.

Front 26

Friedrich Nietzsche

Back 26

(1844-1900)

Influential German philosopher. He is associated with philosophies such as nihilism. After he lost his mental faculties in 1889 due to health problems, his sister edited his work to make it seem as though he supported fascism and nationalism, while he was actually opposed to antisemitism and nationalism.

Front 27

Sigmund Freud

Back 27

(1856-1939)

Austrian neurologist and psychologist, known for his psychoanalytical method of treatment.

Front 28

William Morris

Back 28

(1834-1896)

English textile designer and novelist. Helped to establish the modern fantasy genre, while he played a significant role in propagating the early socialist movement in Britain.

Front 29

The Rite of Spring

Back 29

Almost caused a riot when it first was performed in Paris in 1913, because its combination of pulsating, dissonant rhythms from the orchestra pit and an earthy representation of lovemaking by the dancers shocked the audience.

Front 30

Avant-Garde

Back 30

People or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly to the arts, culture, and politics, such as surrealism.