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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the 3rd Estate?
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-Always overruled by Clergy and nobility
-Part of the estates general -Lead by Bourgeousie |
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Who were the San Culottes?
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-Military activists, working class (blue collar), without fancy pants
-Wanted a direct democracy -Thought National Assembly was too moderate |
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What were active and passive citizens?
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-Passive= didn't own property, active did therefore they could vote
-Thought passive were not worthy or smart enough to vote -Sans Culottes |
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What is the National Convention
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-Sans Culottes
-The mob -Storm Paris and set up a commune -Anti-constitution and anti-king -Meets and declares beginning or Revolution -New army pushes out civilian army -Agrees to help everyone who agrees with them |
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Who was Sieyes?
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-Wrote a pamphlet said it's okay to be successful, social stratification based on usefulness is okay
-Direct attack on hereditary nobility -Social class should be based on talent and merit |
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What does the end of feudalism lead to?
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Third estate flourishing which leads to whole nation flourishing
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What was the First Coalition?
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-Alliance between Britain, Holland, Austria, and Prussia
-Should have crushed France but didn't |
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Who were the Jacobins?
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-Radicals of the National Convention
-Wanted universal suffrage, separation of church and state, social equality -Split into Mountain and Girondins |
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Who were the Mountains?
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-From Paris, allied with Sans Culottes, wanted to get rid of the king
-Wanted democracy and social equality -Kill the king |
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Who were the Girondins?
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Less radical National Jacobins
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Why did the Rein of Terror begin?
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-We can't just modify society, we have to change everything
-Internal conflict= food shortages, inflation, bread shortage -External= war |
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Who was Robespierre?
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-Leader of Convention
-Fan or Rousseau, enlightenment -Supported universal suffrage, not war -Made prosecutor of Paris (lawyer) -Took over committee of public safety, push to eliminate courter-revolutionaries (killing) felt arbitary |
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What was the 1793 Decree of Zz Pairial?
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-Execution based on moral suspicion
-Doubled number of people who could be executed -Changed the calender b/c they don't like Catholic church -People begin to panic and kill even revolutionaries |
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Who was Danton?
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-Another faction of Mountain party leader
-Runs the show until Robespierre kills him |
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What are some problems Robespierre encounters?
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-Convention freaks out when he starts de-Christianizes
-Really difficult to eliminate all social stratification, still flawed, idea of political virtue is useless -Fear is very powerful |
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What was the purpose of the Rein of Terror?
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-Trying to get rid of non-revolutionaries
-Feels arbitrary -Fear inspires good behavior -Get us to a representative government because moderate reforms aren't working |
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What is Justification of the Use of Terror?
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-By Robespierre
-Terror usually seen as evil, he changed terror into a neutral tool |
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What is the cult of the supreme being?
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-Natural religion of reason by Robes
-Reconciliation to the people that thought he was de-Christianizing -Felt more atheist than deist |
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What is the reprecussion of this cult?
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-Robes is kicked out and killed
-Revolution going out of order, so they kill him -Seen as another step in Revolution |
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What happened in the last steps of the Revolution?
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-The Directory= two parts Council of 500 (2/3 had to be Convention ppl) and Council of ancients (had to be over 40), also 5 directors who had the most power
-French attempted to assasinate King George II, symbol for fear spreading -First elections= but directors not happy with outcome (loyalist win), so they annul it with Coup détat -Treaty of Campformia= Austrians and French sign it, divide up HRE -Stability= all France wants, Napoleon declares himself dictator, -Constitution created |
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How did Napoleon come to power?
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-Director wasn't supplying him, but attacks Austrians anyway sets his own foreign policy
-Given task to invade Britain, but instead invades Egypt (wins) to disrupt British trade -But British strike back and fleet is sunk by Nelson |
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Who was Edmund Burke?
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-Wrote Reflections on the Revolution
-Hated the revolution thought the result was far worse than Old Regime -Bourgeoisie revolution (except Sans Culottes) |
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Who won?
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1799, Napoleon and white men who own property
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Is it successful?
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-Did achieve change and overthrows Old Regime
-But not really democracy they had imagined, still a long way to go |
