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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Figurative Language
(Figures of Speech) |
Language that departs from the literal level of meaning
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Simile
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Comparison of one thing to another using "like" or "as"
ex. "my love is like a red, red rose" |
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Metaphor
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Comparison that does not use "like or as"
ex. "my love is a rose" NOTE: An extended metaphor would continue the comparison (her skin is petals, etc.) |
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Personification
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Human qualities that are attributed to things that are not human such as plants or animals
ex. "the trees waved their arms wildly" |
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Symbol
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Something (a concrete subject) that retains its own identity while simultaneously referring to one or more other meanings, usually abstract
ex. Yeats used the rose as a symbol of England; the letter is a symbol in "The Scarlet Letter" (it's an actual physical object but can also be seen as a symbol of Adultery, Able, America, independence, sin, etc.) |
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Allegory
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A story that is entirely symbolic (characters tend to be symbols).
ex. Orwell's "Animal Farm", John Bunyan's "Pilgrim's Progress" |
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Onomatopoeia
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A word that sounds like the sound it describes
ex. buzz, hum |
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Alliteration
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Repeated consonant sounds at the beginning of words
ex. "the crackling of the confounded coconut", "the slithering of the slimy snake" NOTE: This is common in English poetry; in Old English poems like "Beowulf," every line has alliteration. |
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Assonance
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Repeated vowel sounds.
ex. "low moan" NOTE: Often this provides a soothing effect, while alliteration provides a more percussive effect. |
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Imagery
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Descriptive language that refers to sense impressions (primarily visual, but also for sounds, tastes, etc.)
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Apostrophe
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A direct address to someone (including a divinity) or something, typically using "O" or "!" or both.
ex. "Bright star! World I were steadfast as thou art!", "O Muse, inspire me!" |
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Allusion
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A reference to an earlier work or event. Most are to earlier literature, but they may also be to historical events.
ex. In "Bridget Jones's Diary", one character is named Mr. Darcy, and have other situations that reflect "Pride and Prejudice". |
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Rhyme
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May be "slant" or "off" rhyme: two words that almost rhyme, but not quite.
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Foot
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The unit of the poetic line, often comprising two or three syllables.
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Kinds of feet:
1) Iambic: 2) Trochaic: 3) Dactylic: 4) Anapest: 5) Trochee: |
1) Unstressed syllable followed by stressed syllable
2) Stressed followed by unstressed 3) Stressed followed by two unstressed 4) Two unstressed followed by stressed 5) two stressed syllables |
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Number of feet (Names come from Greek):
1) Monometer: 2) Dimeter: 3) Trimeter: 4) Tetrameter: 5) Pentameter: 6) Hexameter: 7) Heptameter: |
1) 1 feet
2) 2 feet 3) 3 feet 4) 4 feet 5) 5 feet 6) 6 feet 7) 7 feet NOTE: For serious metrical verse in English, the most common pattern is iambic pentameter. This is used by Shakespeare. |
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One key characteristic of poetry is that in poems the lines break before the margin. Lines may be:
1) End-stopped: 2) Enjambed: |
1) Ending with a mark of punctuation
2) No punctuation at end of a line; meaning flows over the line break |
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Caesura
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Clear break (often indicated by a punctuation mark such as a semi-colon, colon, or period) in the middle of a line.
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Vocabulary from Wuthering Heights:
1) physiognomy 2) vexatious 3) propitiate 4) laconic 5) querulous 6) reprobate 7) virulence 8) miscreant 9) obviate 10) copious 11) condole 12) homily 13) curate 14) palaver 15) asseverate 16) lachrymose 17) maxillary 18) changeling 19) vehemence 20) vindictive |
1) face
2) annoying 3) conciliate, appease 4) terse 5) given to complaining 6) person without morals 7) antagonism, hostility 8) villain 9) render unnecessary 10) abundant 11) express sympathy 12) sermon 13) clergyman who has charge of a parish 14) idle chatter 15) assert 16) tearful 17) having to do with the upper jaw 18) a child secretly exchanged with another 19) forcefulness or intensity of emotion 20) inclined to revenge |
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Latin and Greek Roots (Prefixes):
1) a,ab- 2) ad 3) de- 4) e,ex- 5) eu 6) in 7) meta 8) re- 9) sub- 10) tele 11) trans |
1) away from
2) towards 3) down from 4) out from 5) good (Greek) 6) not or in 7) beyond 8) again 9) under 10) far off 11) across |
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Verbs and Nouns:
1) Cedo, cedare, cedi, cessus (v) 2) Capio, capire, cepi, captus (v) 3) Cogito, cogitare (v) 4) Cor (n) 5) Corpus, corpora (n) 6) Credo, credare, credi (v) 7) Curro, currare (v) 8) Dico, dicere, dixi, dictus (v) 9) Duco, ducere, duxi, ductus (v) 10) Facio, facere, feci, factus (v) 11) Graph (n) 12) Loquor, loquitor, locutus (v) 13) Mitto, mittere, misi, missus (v) 14) Scribo, scribere, scripsi, scriptus (v) 15) Specto, spectare, spectatus (v) 16) Tempus, tempora (n) 17) Voco, vocare, vocatus (v) |
1) yield
2) take, hold, grasp 3) to know, to think 4) heart 5) body 6) believe, trust 7) run 8) to say, speak, assert 9) to lead 10) to make, to do 11) writing 12) speak 13) to send 14) to write 15) to look at, behold 16) time 17) to call |
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Prefixes (Latin except where otherwise indicated):
1) ambi 2) anti 3) ante 4) archa 5) bi 6) circum- 7) co- 8) contra- 9) dia 10) hier 11) hyper 12) hypo 13) meta 14) neo 15) omni 16) pan 17) para 18) peri 19) post |
1) around, both
2) against (Greek) 3) before 4) ancient (Greek) 5) two 6) around 7) with 8) against 9) through, across (Greek) 10) sacred (Greek) 11) above 12) less than 13) beyond 14) new 15) all 16) all 17) beyond 18) around 19) after |
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Verbs and Nouns:
1) Ago, agere, egi, actus (v) 2) Animus, -a, -um (n) 3) Fides (n) 4) Fluvus (n) 5) Fumo, fumare (v) 6) Gens (n) 7) Habeo, habere (v) 8) Jus, juris (n) 9) Logos (n) 10) Mor, mores (n) 11) Mortare, mortatus (v) 12) Mundus, munda, mundum (n) 13) Nomen, nominis (n) 14) Null, nihil (n) 15) Patria (n) 16) Pax, pacis (n) 17) Porto, portare, portus (v) 18) Pono, ponere, posui, positus (v) 19) Teneo, tenire, teni, tentus (v) 20) Venio, venire, veni, ventus (v) 21) Video, videre, vidi, visus (v) 22) Vinco, vincere, vici, victus (v) 23) Vivo, vivere, vivi, vitus (v) |
1) to act
2) life, mind 3) faith 4) river 5) to smoke 6) race, family, kind 7) have, hold, dwell 8) law, right 9) word 10) custom 11) to die 12) world 13) name 14) nothing 15) homeland 16) peace 17) to carry 18) to place, put 19) to hold 20) to come, approach 21) to see, to look 22) to conquer 23) to live |