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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Molality
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m = moles of solutes/ kilograms of solvent
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mole fraction
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X = moles of substance/ total moles in solution
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Van't Hoff Factor
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i= how many ions one unit of a substance will dissociate into in a solution
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Boiling point elevation
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delta T = i(Kb)m
Kb= boiling point elevation constant m= molality |
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Freezing point depression
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delta T = i(Kf)m
Kf= freezing point depression constant m= molality |
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Raoult's law (vapor pressure lowering)
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P = XP^o
P= vapor pressure of soln P^o = vapor pressure of pure solvent X = mole fraction of pure solvent |
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Osmotic Pressure eqn
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lambda = (nRT/V)i = MRTi
R= .08201 Latm/molK M= molarity= n/V |
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Density
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m/V
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Solubility rule: Alkali Metals
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Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+
are all soluble |
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Solubility rule: All ammonium salts, NH4+
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are soluble
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Solubility rule: Alkaline Earths and Transition metals
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depends on identity of atom
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Solubility rule: Nitrate, NO3-
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soluble
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Solubility rule:Acetate, C2H3O2-
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soluble
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Solubility rule: Cl-, Br-, I-
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soluble except Ag+, Pb2+, Hg2+2
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Solubility rule: Sulfate, (SO4)2-
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soluble, Except Ag+, Pb2+, Hg2+2, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+
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Solubility rule: Hydroxide, OH-
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insoluble, except w/ alkali metals, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+
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Solubility rule: Carbonate, (CO3)2-
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insoluble except w/ alkali metals and ammonium
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Solubility rule: Phosphate, (PO4)3-
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Insoluble except w/ alkali metals and ammonium
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Solubility rule:Sulfite, (SO3)2-
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insoluble except w/ alkali metals and ammonium
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Solubility rule: Sulfide, S2-
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insoluble except w/ alkali metals, alkaline earths, ammonium.
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At lower temp, gas will be....soluble
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more
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At higher pressure, gas will be....soluble
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more
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