Ap Chapter 5 Economic Geography 2Nd Half Vocab (Breezy)

Front 1

footloose firms

Back 1

manufactoring activities in which the cost of transporting both raw materials and finished product is not important for determinig the location of the firm.

Front 2

fordism

Back 2

system of standardized mass productionb attributed to henry ford.

Front 3

foreign investment

Back 3

overseas business investments made by private companies.

Front 4

gender equity

Back 4

a measure of the opportunities gven to women compared to men within a given country.

Front 5

globalization

Back 5

the idea that the world is becoming increasingly interconnected on a global scale such that smaller scales of political and economic life are becoming obsolete.

Front 6

gross domestic product

Back 6

the total value of goods and services produced within the borders of a country during a specific time perod usually one year.

Front 7

gross national product

Back 7

the total value of goods and services including income recived from abroad produced by residents within a specific time period usually one year.

Front 8

human development index

Back 8

measured use by the united natons that calculates devolpment not in terms of money or prouctivity but in terms of human welfare.the HDI evalutes human welfare based on three parameters:life expectancy,education,and income.

Front 9

industrial revolution

Back 9

the rapid economic and social changes in manufactoring that resulted after the introduction otf the factory system to the textile industry in England at the en of the late 18th century.

Front 10

industrializaton

Back 10

process of inustrial development in which countries evolve economically from producing bascic primary good to using modern factories for mass producing goods.at the highest levels of development national economies are geared mainly toward the elivery of services and exchange of information.

Front 11

industrialized counries

Back 11

those countries including Britain,France.The united states,Russia,Germany,and Japan that were all on the forefront of industrial production and innovation through the midle of the 21st century.while industry is currently shifting to other countries to take advantage of cheaper labor and relaxed enviromental standards these countries still account for the worls total industrial output.

Front 12

least-cost theory

Back 12

a concept devolped by alfred weber to describe the optimal location of the manufactoring establishment in relation to the cost of transport and labor and relative advantages of aglomeration or deglommeration.

Front 13

least-devolped countries

Back 13

those countries including countries in africa except for south africa and parts of south america and asia that usually have low levels of economic productivity,low per captia incomes,and generally low standards of living.

Front 14

manufactoring reigons

Back 14

a reigon in which manufactoring activities have been clustered toghther.tje major u.s industrial reigon has historically been in the great lakes which includes the states michigan,illinois,indianna,new york,ohio,and pennsylvania.industral reigons also exist in south brazil,central england,around tokyo.japan,and elsewhere.

Front 15

maquiladoras

Back 15

those u.s firms that have factories just outside the united states/mexican border in areas that have been specially designated by the mexican goverment.in such areas factories cheaply assemble goods for export back into the united states.

Front 16

net national product

Back 16

a measure of all the goods and services produced by a country in ayear including production from its investments abroad minis the loss or degradation of natural resource capital as a result of productivity.

Front 17

nonrenowable resources

Back 17

natural resources such as fossil fuels that do not replinish themselves in a timeframe that is relavant for human consumption.

Front 18

offshore financial center

Back 18

areas that have been specially designed to promote business transactions and thus have become centers for banking and finance.

Front 19

outsourcing

Back 19

sending industrial processes out for external production.the term outsourcing increasingly applies not only to traditional industrial functions but also to the contracting of service industry function to companies overseas locations where operating cost remains relatively low.

Front 20

periphery

Back 20

countries that usually have low levels of economic productivity low per capita income and generally low standards of living.the world economc periphery includes africa except south africa parts of south america and asia.