A&p Chapter 11-Muscles

Front 1

Describe the physiological properties that all muscle types have in common.

Back 1

Responsiveness (excitability),Conductivity, Contraction, Extensibility, Elasticity

Front 2

List the defining characteristics of skeletal muscle

Back 2

-striated
-voluntary
-attached to bone
-makes movement possible
-huge compared to other cells
-more than one nucleus

Front 3

Muscle Fibers

Back 3

-makes muscle cells
-long, tube-like cells
-runs the length of the muscle
-work electrically
-are insulated by Perimysium

Front 4

Epimysium

Back 4

the conective tissue wrapping around the whole muscle.
it is the outermost wrapping of connective tissue since it covers the muscle.

Front 5

Muscle Fascicles

Back 5

bundles of muscle fibers

Front 6

Perimysium

Back 6

Connective tissue wrapping around the Muscle Fascicles.
It provides insulation and blood vessels to all the muscle fibers inside. (this makes ATP possible)

Front 7

Sarcoplasm

Back 7

Muscle fiber cytoplasm.

Front 8

Muscle fibers are full of ________ that produce ____, which is necessary for _______.

Back 8

Mitochondria
ATP
Movement

Front 9

Sarcolemma

Back 9

-The cell membrane in muscle cells
-It dive into cells forming t-tubules
-when muscles contract, electrical signals must run along it.

Front 10

T-tubules

Back 10

-Tubes of cell membranes within the muscle fiber.
-Muscle fibers need these to carry electrical signals required for contraction deep into cells
-acts like little channels to carry electrical activity into depths of the muscle fiber.

Front 11

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Back 11

-The special type of smooth endoplasmic reticulum found in smooth and striated muscle fibers whose function is to store and release calcium ions.
-The sarcoplasmic reticulum releases calcium ions during muscle contraction and absorb them during relaxation.

Front 12

Myofibril

Back 12

-The special type of smooth endoplasmic reticulum found in smooth and striated muscle fibers whose function is to store and release calcium ions.
-a longitudinal, multicellular fibre, characteristic of striated (i.e. skeletal and cardiac) muscle, formed of actin and myosin filaments; Ca2+ interaction between actin/myosin causes increasing linear overlap of these protein molecules, with resultant muscle tension/contraction
-gives striped appearance to striated muscle

Front 13

sarcomere

Back 13

the contractile unit of a myofibril; sarcomeres are repeating units, delimited by the Z bands along the length of the myofibril.

Front 14

actin myofilament

Back 14

a cellular protein found in myofilaments that is active in muscular contractions, cellular movement and maintenance of cell shape.

Front 15

myosin myofilaments

Back 15

a fibrous globulin of muscle that reacts with actin to form actomyosin.

Front 16

Each whole muscle is comprised of a series of increasingly smaller parallel units

Back 16

-A muscle is composed of many fascicles
-fascicles contain many muscle fibers (cells)
-Muscle fibers consist of several myofibrils
-myofibrils are made of long chains of sacomeres arranged end-to-end, loke the cars of a train.
-Sarcomeres are formed by regularly arranged thick (myosin) & thin (actin) proteins called myofilaments.