Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the four main parts of the brain?
|
cerebrum
cerebellum diencephalon brain stem |
|
What are the four main parts of the brain?
|
cerebrum
cerebellum diencephalon brain stem |
|
The 2 hemisphere of the cerebrum are separated by what comissural connection?
|
corpus callosum
|
|
The outer layer of the cerebrum contains white or gray matter which has cell bodies?
|
gray
|
|
The inner layer of the cerebrum contains white or gray matter with nerve fiber tracts?
|
white
|
|
The BBB consists of tight junctions T or F?
|
true
|
|
name the 3 cranial meninges in order from outer to inner
|
dura
arachnoid pia |
|
what is the separation between the cerebral hemispheres?tentorium cerbri, falx cerbri or falx cerebelli
|
falx cerebri
|
|
what is the separation between the cerebellar hemispheres?tentorium cerbri, falx cerbri or falx cerebelli
|
falx cerebelli
|
|
what is the separation between the cerebrum and the cerebellum? tentorium cerbri, falx cerbri or falx cerebelli
|
tentorium cerebri
|
|
the falx cerbri, falx cerebelli and tentorium cerbri are extensions of the dura mater T or F?
|
true
|
|
The origin of the CSF is?
|
choroid plexus in the 4 ventricles
|
|
CSF carries O2, glucose and other needed chemicals from blood to neurons and neurolgia T or F?
|
true
|
|
CSF flows from the lateral ventricals through the interventricular foramina to?
|
third ventricle
|
|
CSF flows from the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle through?
|
aquaduct
|
|
CSF flows from the 4th ventricle through the lateral & median aperatures where?
|
subarachnoid space
|
|
CSF flows from the subarachnoid space to arachnoid villi of dural sinuses T or F?
|
true
|
|
CSF flows from the arachnoid villi of the dural sinuses through what to the heart and lungs?
|
venous blood
|
|
What structure separates the 2 lateral ventricles?
hint:nasal has one |
septum peduncle
|
|
interventricular foramen connect which ventricles?
|
lateral to the third
|
|
the aquaduct connects the third ventricle to?
|
4th ventricle
|
|
CSF starts at the lateral choroid plexus T or F?
|
true
|
|
the 4th ventricle in the brain stem connects to the?
|
central canal of the spinal cord
|
|
Median and lateral aperatures drain CSF into?
|
subarachnoid space
|
|
All the CSF is resorbed by the arachnoid villi and return to?
|
dural sinuses
|
|
aprox how much CSF is drained per day?
|
480 ml
|
|
the brain stem is made up of what 3 parts?
|
medulla, pons, and midbrain
|
|
the medulla has nuclei, sensory tracts and motor tracts. T or F?
|
true
|
|
the white matter of the medulla has all _______&_______tracts connecting the spinal cord and parts of the brain.
|
sensory motor
|
|
decussation of the motor tracts at the pyramids is what?
|
crossing of axons right to left or left to right
|
|
the nuclei of the medulla control vital body functions such as?
|
respiration & cardiovascular
|
|
other nuclei of the medulla are reflex centers including____,____,&________
|
vomiting, swallowing, & deglutation
|
|
nuclei in the medulla include origins for which cranial nerves?
|
VIII Vestibularcochlear, IX Glossopharyngeal, X Vagas, XI Accessory, & XII Hypoglossal
|
|
the midbrain includes: cerebral aquaduct, cerebral peduncles, superior & inferior colliculi, substantia nigra nuclei, & red neucei. T or F?
|
true
|
|
the cerbral aquaduct of the midbrain connects which 2 ventricles?
|
third and fourth
|
|
the path of the motor tracts in the white matter of the midbrain? hint: (bulges)
|
cerebral peduncles
|
|
the visual reflex center in the back of the midbrain?
|
superior colliculi
|
|
the auditory and movement of the head reflex center in the back of the midbrain?
|
inferior colliculi
|
|
which nuclei in the midbrain helps control subconscious muscle movements particularly those having to do with fine adjustment or coordination?
|
substantia nigra nuclei
|
|
which nuclei in the midbrain helps control voluntary limb movement?
|
red nuclei
|
|
the midbrain has the origins for which cranial nerves?
|
III oculomotor & IV trochlear
|
|
the olive and vestibular nuclei of the control____&_____?
|
equilibrium & posture
|
|
olive propriocetion is the awareness of position of body parts especially the limbs, independent of vision. T or F?
|
true
|
|
The pons is part of the respiratory center which is pneumotaxic and ____?
|
apneumotaxic
|
|
the pneumotaxic and apneumotaxic part pons help with what?
|
help control breathing
|
|
the nuclei of the pons have the origins for which cranial nerves?
|
V trigeminal, VI abducens, VII facial, VIII vestibularcochlear
|
|
what is the netlike formation in the brain stem that is the functional organization?
|
reticular formation
|
|
clusters of neuron bodies in the brain stem are?
|
reticular fomation
|
|
the which system maintains consciousness, initiates awakening and helps body posture control and muscle tone?
|
Reticular Activating System
|
|
the reticular formation has ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) functions. T or F?
|
true
|
|
which system activity arouses the cerebral cortex to wake us up?
|
Reticular Activating System
|
|
the cerebella hemispheres are connected by what?
|
vermis
|
|
the cerebellar nuclei are located in the?
|
white matter
|
|
the white matter of the cerebellum is called?
|
arbor vitae
|
|
the 3 paired cerebellar peduncles provides links to the _____ ____, ____, &_______ _______.
|
brain stem, midbrain, & motor cortex
|
|
what is the primary function of the cerebellum?
|
compare the intended motor command with the actual body movement and send corrective signals when needed
|
|
the function of evaluating and fine tuning voluntary movements is the job of which main brain area?
|
cerebellum
|
|
which main brain area coordinates skilled movements?
|
cerebellum
|
|
which main area of the brain is the primary region for maintaining posture and balance?
|
cerebellum
|
|
a lack of corrective feedback iin which the body cannot move smoothly is known as?
|
ataxia
|
|
a loss dopamine released to substantia nigra nuclei is associated with what disease?
|
Parkinson's
|
|
which main brain part may have a role in cognition and language processing?
|
cerebellum
|
|
The deincephalon is composed of gray matter around which ventricle?
|
third
|
|
the diencephalon is made up of what 4 parts?
|
thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, & pineal gland
|
|
the thalamus is 2 halves separated the which ventricle and connected by what structure?
|
third, intermediate mass
|
|
which brain part is known as the "Grand Central" relay center?
|
thalamus
|
|
what structure makes up 80% of the diencephalon?
|
thalamus
|
|
the relay stations where the sensory input and the motor output go through is?
|
thalamus
|
|
in the thalamus all sensory inputs and motor output between the body and the cortexes are relayed by _____through one of 7 pr of nuclei.
|
synapses
|
|
the thalamus relates special sensory such as ______, ______&_____ and general sensory routes. (except______.)
|
hearing, vision & taste
olfactory |
|
the thalamus relates motor (voluntary movements) from the ______ ______.
|
motor cortex
|
|
Maintenance of consciousness (connected with reticular formation) is controlled in the_______.
|
thalamus
|
|
thalamic actions include: anterior, medial and lateral nuclei involve with the limbic system and are involved with emotions, ______ & ________.
|
memory & cognition
|
|
Ventral nucei groups relay inputs from the _____ _______ to motor areas of the cortex. They have a role in voluntary movement.
|
basal nucei
|
|
the hypothalamus receives sensory inputs from _____&_____ receptors.
|
visceral & somatic
|
|
a major regulator of homeostasis is the__________.
|
hypothalamus
|