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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which anatomical division of the nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord? autonomic nervous system efferent division peripheral nervous system central nervous system |
central nervous system |
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Which functional division of the nervous system controls skeletal muscle contractions? peripheral nervous system somatic nervous system central nervous system afferent division |
somatic nervous system |
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What part of the neuron is a long cytoplasmic process capable of propagating an action potential? dendrite axon perikaryon Nissl body |
axon |
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What part of the neuron consists of the cytoplasm that surrounds the nucleus? Nissl body neurofibril perikaryon collateral |
perikaryon |
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Which structural class of neurons consists of neurons with one axon and one dendrite? anaxonic neurons multipolar neurons univocal neurons bipolar neurons |
bipolar neurons |
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Which functional class of neurons carries electrical signals to control the contraction of smooth muscle and cardiac muscle? visceral sensory neurons somatic sensory neurons somatic motor neurons visceral motor neurons |
visceral motor neurons |
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What type of neuroglial cell participates in the production and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid? microglia astrocytes ependymal cells oligodendrocytes |
ependymal cells |
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What type of neuroglial cell myelinates axons in the peripheral nervous system? microglia astrocytes satellite cells Schwann cells |
Schwann cells |
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Which type of neuroglial cell functions in the central nervous system to engulf cellular debris, waste products, and pathogens? ependymal cells astrocytes oligodendrocytes microglia |
microglia |
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Which type of active channels in the plasma membrane open or close when they bind certain chemicals, such as neurotransmitters? chemically gated channels passive channels mechanically gated channels voltage-gated channels |
chemically gated channels |
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A movement of ions that increases the negativity of the resting membrane potential is __________. an action potential repolarization hyperpolarization depolarization |
hyperpolarization |
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What is the term for the period when the voltage-gated sodium channels are opened and the membrane cannot respond to a new stimulus, even a strong one? latent period absolute refractory period relative refractory period threshold |
absolute refractory period |
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Which of the following is FALSE about an action potential? An action potential requires depolarization of the membrane to threshold. An action potential increases the membrane potential to +30 mV. An action potential involves the activation of sodium channels. Strong stimuli produce stronger action potentials with higher voltage. |
Strong stimuli produce stronger action potentials with higher voltage |
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Which type of axon would propagate action potentials at the highest speed? large diameter, myelinated small diameter, myelinated small diameter, unmyelinated large diameter, unmyelinated |
large diameter, myelinated |
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What type of synapse has the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes locked together at gap junctions? cholinergic synapse chemical synapse electrical synapse adrenergic synapse |
electrical synapse |
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What causes the release of acetylcholine (ACh) into the synaptic cleft in a cholinergic synapse? calcium ions entering the cytoplasm of the synaptic terminal the enzyme acetylcholinesterase binding of acetylcholine to postsynaptic receptors hyperpolarization of the synaptic terminal |
calcium ions entering the cytoplasm of the synaptic terminal |
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Which neurotransmitter is associated with a person’s emotional states and moods and is linked to depression? norepinephrine endorphins serotonin GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) |
serotonin |
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Which of the following has/have effects similar to morphine and function(s) to relieve pain? GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) endorphins serotonin dopamine |
endorphins |
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A graded depolarization caused by the arrival of a neurotransmitter at the postsynaptic membrane is a(n) __________. synaptic fatigue event inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) action potential excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) |
excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) |
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The addition of stimuli occurring in rapid succession at a single synapse is called __________. temporal summation synaptic fatigue spatial summation presynaptic inhibition |
temporal summation |
