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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Dimitry Ivanovsky
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tobacco
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martinus beijerinck
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reproduction
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wendell stanley
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isolated virus
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edward jenner
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small pox
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louis pasteur
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rabies
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obstacles to studying viruses
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-they are tiny
-hard to grow |
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structure
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-capsid (protein coat)
-genetic material (dna or rna) |
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retrovirus
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makes dna from rna
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lytic cycle
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1. absorption
2. injection 3. replication 4. assembly 5. breakout |
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lysogenic cycle (latent)
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pauses between steps 2 and 3.
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classifing viruses
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1. genetic material
2. host 3. how they emerge 4. active v. latent 5. mutation rate |
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origin of viruses
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1. cells lost ability
2. plasmids gained abilities |
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virulence
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when a pathogen against a plant has specific defenses
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fimbriae
(bacteria) |
fastens itself to stick to their sub
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capsule
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sticky layer of protein
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peptidoglycan
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a polymer in bacterial cell walls consisting of modified sugars
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monotrichous
(flagellated bacteria) |
one flagelium at one end
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amphitrichous
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having flagella at both ends
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lophotrichous
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having man flagella at one end
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peritrichous
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flagella all around
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strepto vs staphylo
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strepto-chains
staphylo groups |
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heterotrophs
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cannot synthesize it food
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autotrophs
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can synthesize
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obligate anaerobes
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can live only without oxygen
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facultative anaerobes
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can live in the absenceas well as with oxygen
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obligate aerobes
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can only live with oxygen
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binary fission
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method of splittin cells
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conjugation
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fusing with another bacteria
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methanogens
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methane producing
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halophiles
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salty environment needed
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barophile
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bacteria that needs high pressure environment
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thermoacidophiles
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baceria thrive at high temps
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antibiotics
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interrupt some biochemical pathways and doesnt work on viruses or proteists
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cillins
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halt production of cell wall
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cylines
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bind to the small subunit of the prokaryotic ribosome and blocjs recognition
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mycins
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bind to free ribosomes and stops elongaion of the amino acid chain
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aminoglycides
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inhibit the trna binding
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chloramphenicol
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binds to the large subunit of the ribosome and prevents it from attachin one amino acid to another
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ex of flaellates
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euglena
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ciliates ex
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paramecia
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sarcodines
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amoeba
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sporozoites
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marlaria
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pellicle
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thin skin, liquid film
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eye spot
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detects light
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contractile vacuole
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collect water and disperse it out
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conjugation
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aline, perform meiosis and seperate
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endosymbiosis
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when oranisms lives within the body of its partener
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