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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mineral nutriets
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essential chemical elements.
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essential element
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chemical required for life.
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hydrophobic culture
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way to determine essential elements by growing plants in mineral solutions and not soil.
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macronutrients
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needed in big ammounts for plant life.
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micronutrients
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needed in small ammounts for plant life.
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topsoil
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mix of particles of rock, organisms, and humus.
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humus
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partially decayed organic material.
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horizons
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soil layers
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loams
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most fertile soils.
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phytoremediation
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biological technology that places plants in toxicated areas and the plants absorb the toxins into parts of the plant that are easily removed. reclaims land.
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nitrogenase
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enzyme in bacteria that fixes nitrogen.
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nodules
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swellings in legume roots where nitrogen-fixing bacteria inhabit.
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Rhixobidium
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species of nitrogen-fixing bacteria that helps legumes.
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bacterioids
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in legumes the part of the nodules that form where the bacteria are. contained in vesticles.
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ectomycorrhizae
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fungi that completely covers the root to make more surface area.
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Endomycorrhizae
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fungi that extends into the root.
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Hydroponics
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growing plants in different nutrients in water.
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Nitrogen deficiency
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Needed for protein/nucleic acid synthsis.
Because nitrogen is mobile, strikes the older leaves first so the nitrogen can be taken to young leaves. |
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Mobile
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when nutrients can move from one part of a plant to another (aka, taking nutrients form old leaves to help form new leaves)
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Chlorosis
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yellowing of leaves.
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sulfer defficiency
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needed for protein synthesis and side groups. because it is less mobile, strikes younger leaves first.
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magnesium defficiency
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needed for chlorophyl.
mobile, so the older leaves are struck first and shown by spotten and striped yellowing. |
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phosphorous deficiency
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needed for nucleic acid synthesis and ATP and NADPH.
characterized by purpling because of too many chloroplasts that create too many Krebs cycle intermediates and they form the purple color. |
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cation exchange
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because the soil is negatively charged, the plant excretes H+ ions to dislodge the cations from the soil and gain nutrients.
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carbonic acid
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acid secreted into the soil to put H+ ions out.
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Horizons
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layers of soil.
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nitrogen cycle
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the cycle that converts atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into nitrogen usable to plants.
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amonifying bacteria
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(second stage) bacteria that change N2 into ammonium (NH4+)
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nitryfing bacteria
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(third stage) bacteria that change ammonium to nitrate (NO3-) or the best usable form to plants. NOT nitrogen fixing.
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nitrogen fixing bacteria
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(First stage) make N2 nitrogen into organic nitrogen (amonia)
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denytrifying bacteria
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changes nitrate back to N2 or atmospheric bacteria.
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Root Nodules
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bacterial tissue for fixing nitrogen in legumes.
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