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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Bones of the thoracic limb in order |
Scapula, humerus, Radius and ulna, carpels, metacarpels, phalanges |
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Bones of the pelvic limb in order |
Os coxae, femur, fibula and tibia, tarsus, metatarsus, phalanges |
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Short bones |
carpus, tarsus |
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Epiphysis |
either end of the long bone |
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Diaphysis |
cylindrical shaft of the long bone |
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Metaphysis |
flared area adjacent to the epiphysis in the mature bone(widest part of the bone) |
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Compact bone |
hard layer covering most bones and forming almost the entire shaft of the long bones |
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Cancellous bone |
composed of spicules arranged to form a porous network |
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Epiphyseal cartilage or disc |
layer of hyaline cartilage which separates the diaphysis and epiphysis in the immature bone(only area that in which a bone can lengthen) |
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Articular cartilage |
thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the articular surface of a bone |
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Periosteum |
Fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones except where articular cartilage is located |
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Osteoblast |
bone producing cells in the periosteum |
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Endosteum |
fibrous cavity that lines the marrow cavity of bones |
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Osteoclasts |
bone destroying cells in the endosteum |
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T/F: Both periosteum and endosteum contain osteoblasts and osteoclasts but the ratios of cell types differ |
True |
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Flat bones: |
skull, scapula, ribs, and pelvis |
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The flat bone is relatively thin and expanded in two directions. Consist of 2 plates of compact bone(lamina externa and lamina interna) separated by spongy material called__________? |
Diploe |
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Sesamoid bones: |
patella, found along the coarse of tendons |
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Pneumatic bones: |
Frontal and maxillary bones of the skull; contain air spaces or sinuses that communicate with the exterior |
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Irregular bones: |
Vertebral column, some bones of the skull |
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Bones of the Axial skeleton: |
Skull, vertebral column, ribs, sternum |
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Dorsal processes projecting from vertebrae, first few thoracic vertebrae, withers of horse |
Spinous processes |
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Sacral vertebrae: |
Fused together in wedge shape bone |
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Caudal(coccygeal) vertebrae: |
form the bony base of the tail |
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Bone with no bony connection to the thorax in quadrupeds and held in place by muscles and tendons:______________. |
Scapula |
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________________ forms a relatively tight immoveable joint with the ulna |
Radius |
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Dorsally it forms attachment with the sacrum |
pelvis/ os coxae? |
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Immediately distal to the radius and ulna |
carpal bones |
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Attaches to the femur via a ball and socket joint |
pelvis |
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Bone forming a joint with the occipital chondyles of the skull |
Atlas |
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Contain air spaces or sinuses that communicate with the exterior |
Frontal bones of the skull; pneumatic |
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Bone embedded in a tendon |
Patella; sesamoid bone |
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These two bones form the origin of the triceps muscle: |
Scapula and humerus |
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Bone that forms a pivot joint with the atlas |
Axis;c2 |
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Bone that forms a functional hinge joint with the scapula: |
humerus |
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The distal end of this bone forms a complex joint with the proximal end of the metatarsal bone |
Tibia |
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This bone forms an attachment for the ribs |
thoracic vertebrae |
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Bone that articulates distally with the radius and ulna |
Humerus |
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Types of fibrous(fibrous connective tissue) joints: |
Syndesmosis, sutures, gomphosis |
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Syndesmosis(fibrous) joint definition & example: |
joint with little movement, limited by a tight ligament and united by fibrous tissue; splint and cannon bone of the horse, tibia-fibular joint |
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Sutures(fibrous) joint definition and example: |
limited to the skull, necessary for growth, ossify with age |
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Gomphosis(fibrous) joint definition and example: |
peg and socket joints like teeth and jaws; maintained by the periodontal ligament which only gives a little to absorb shock |
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Types of cartilaginous joints: |
Synchondrosis, symphysis, synovial joints |
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Synchondrosis(cartilaginous) joint: |
Immoveable joint joined by hyaline cartilage; union of the epiphysis and diaphysis in immature bone |
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Symphysis(cartilaginous) |
2 bones united by cartilage but designed to give a bit; between adjacent vertebrae and sternebrae |
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Synovial (cartilaginous) joints |
Joint surfaces are almost in contact but discontinuous, great range of movement capable, and the surfaces glide over each other |