A&p 2 Test 5 Pg 86-87

Front 1

Nephron

Back 1

Each kidney has 1 million _____. _____ is the functional unit of the kidney. It performs the major function of eliminating toxins and harmful substances from the blood, regulating blood vol. and press., regulating plasma concentrations of important ions and blood pH, and conserves valuable nutrients.

Front 2

Filtrate

Back 2

Pressure in the glomerulus forces a fluid, called_____, out of blood and into capsular space. The filtrate contains good substances like nutrients and beneficial ions as well as bad substances like waste, toxins, and harmful ions.

Front 3

Tubular fluid

Back 3

As the filtrate enters the renal tubule it is now called?

Front 4

Peritubular fluid

Back 4

Fluid surrounding the tubule

Front 5

Peritubular capillaries

Back 5

Good stuff re-enters the blood stream by diffusing back into the _______ ______

Front 6

Micturition

Back 6

Bad ions and harmful substances end up as urine in the collecting duct and are dumped into to minor calyces, major calyces, flow through the renal, into the ureter and are stored in the bladder until released by _______ (urination)

Front 7

Glomerular filtration

Back 7

The removal of substances from blood by forcing them, under pressure, across the filtration membrane

Front 8

Tubular reabsorption

Back 8

The return of beneficial substances (nutrients, ions, vitamins and water) from the filtrate to the blood.

Front 9

Tubular secretion

Back 9

The addition of excess potassium ions and hydrogen ions from the blood to the filtrate.

Front 10

Cortical nephron

Back 10

These nephrons are located almost entirely within the superficial cortex of the kidney

Front 11

Juxtamedullary nephrons

Back 11

This nephron has long nephron loops that extend deep into the medulla