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131 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
what is abduction?
action that takes something away from the body
what is adduction?
bringing something towards the body
what is circumduction?
making circular motion
what is depression?
action that brings a body part down
what is dorsiflexion?
pulls toes up off the ground
what is elevation?
raising a body part up
what is eversion?
turning the bottom of the foot outwards
what is extension?
increase the angle between the bones
what is flexion?
decreasing the angle between the bones
what is hyperextension?
going beyond a 180 degree angle with the joint
what is inversion?
turning the foot inwards
what is plantarflexion?
pushing down on your toes
what is pronation?
rotation of the palm so it is facing down
what is rotation?
turning a body part on its axis
what is supination?
rotating the palm facing up
what is a synergist?
group of two or more muscles that do the same action
what is a agonist?
muscles that does most of the work in a group of synergists
what is antagonists?
muscles that do opposite action
what is the origin?
the end that does not move when the muscle contracts
what is the insertion?
the end that moves when the muscle contracts
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
frontalis
raises eyebrows
what muscle is being pointed out here?
what is its action?
occipitalis
pulls scalp back
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is it origin and insertion?
temporalis
closes jaw
temporal-mandible
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
orbicularis oculi
closes eyes, squint
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
orbicularis Oris
close lips, kissing
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
zygomaticus
smiling
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
depressor anguli oris
frown
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
risorius
pull corners of mouth straight back towards ears
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
masseter
closes jaw
maxillary, zygomatic - mandible
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
levator labii superioris
raises the upper lip
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
depressor labii inferioris
pout
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
buccinator
compress cheeks, pucker
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
platysma
depress mandible, pout
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
sternocleidomastoid
moves head laterally and down
sternum & clavicle - mastoid process
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
digastric
raises hyoid bone, opens mouth
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
mylohyloid
raises hyoid bone
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
sternohyoid
pulls hyoid bone down
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
omohyoid
pulls hyoid bone down
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
stylohyoid
raises hyoid and pulls posteriorly
styloid process - hyoid bone
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
trapezius
lift and adduct scapula, pulls head back
occipital bone& vertebrae (C7-T12) - scapula & clavicle
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
levator scapulae
raises scapula
cervical vertebrae - scapula
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
splenius capitis
extend and rotate head
what muscle is being pointed out here?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
rhomboid major
raises and adduct the scapula
vertebrae - scapula
what muscle is being pointed out here?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
rhomboid minor
raises & adduct the scapula
vertebrae - scapula
what muscle is being pointed out here?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
infraspinatus
rotates arm laterally
scapula - humerus
what muscle is being pointed out here?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
teres major
adducts, medially rotates arm
scapula - humerus
what muscle is being pointed out here?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
teres minor
rotates arm laterally
scapula - humerus
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
supraspinatous
abduct arm
scapula -humerus
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
Latissimus Dorsi
extends, adducts, medially rotates arm
vertebrae, iliac crest, sacrum - humerus
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
iliocostalis
extends spine erects posture
iliac crest, sacrum - ribs
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
longissimus
extends spine and erects posture
lumbar vertebrae - thoracic vertebrae
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
spinalis
extends spine, erects posture
vertebrae - thoracic vertebrae
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
pectoralis major
adducts & medially rotates humerus
clavicle,sternum, costal cartilage - humerus
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
pectoralis minor
pulls scapula forward and down
3rd through 5th ribs - scapula
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
serratus anterior
pulls scapula away from spine
1st 8 or 9 ribs - scapula
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
internal intercostals
pulls ribs in, exhalation
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
external intercostals
pulls ribs out, inhalation
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
external oblique
compresses abdomin
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
rectus abdominus
compresses abdomin, flexes vertebral column
public bone - cartilage of ribs and xiphoid
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
internal oblique
compresses abdomen, flexes vertebral column
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
transversus abdominis
compresses abdomen
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
iliacus
flexes femur on trunk
ilium-femur
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
psoas major
flexes femur on trunk
lumbar vertebrae - femur
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
deltoid
abducts arm
clavicle, scapula - humerus
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
biceps brachii
flexes forearm
scapula - radial tuberosity
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
brachialis
flexes arm
humerus - ulna
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
coracobrachialis
flexes and adducts arm
scapula - humerus
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
triceps brachii
extends arm
scapula & humerus - ulna
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
brachioradialis
flexes forearm
humerus - radius
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
extensor carpi radialis longus
extends & abducts hand
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
extensor carpi radialis brevis
extends & abducts hand
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
extensor digitorum communis
extends distal and middle phalanges
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
extensor carpi ulnaris
extends and adducts hand
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
abductor policies longus
abducts and extends thumb
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
extensor pollicis brevis
extends thumb
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
supinator
supinates forearm
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
extensor pollicis longus
extends thumb
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
pronator quadratus
pronates forearm
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
flexor carpi ulnaris
flexes & adducts hand
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
palmeris longus
flexes hand
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
flexor carpi radialis
flexes & abducts hand
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
flexor digitorum superficialis
flexes fingers & hand
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
pronator teres
pronates forearm
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
flexor digitorum profundus
flexes fingers & hand
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
flexor pollicis longus
flexes thumb
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
gluten maximus
extends and laterally rotates femur
iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx - femur, iliotibial tract
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
gluteus medius
abducts & medially rotates femur
illium - femur
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
tensor fasciae latae
flexes & abducts femur
iliac crest - tibia
what is the A band?
darkest part of the sarcomere
what is actin?
main protein in thin filament
what is elastic filament?
in skeletal muscle what helps the muscle go back to its original shape
what is the endomysium?
inner most layer wraps around individual muscle cells
what is the epimysium?
outer most layer,wraps around a muscle cell
what is a fascicle?
bundle of muscle cells
what is gap junctions?
microscopic hollow tubes that connect on cardiac muscle cell to another
increases speed of impulse conduction
what is H zone?
where it only has thick filament, not as dark as A band
what is the I band?
lighter part of striated muscle
what are intercalated discs?
thick connections between cardiac cells
what is the M line?
middle line of a sarcomere
what are myofibrils?
cylindrical structures in a muscle cell
what is myosin?
main protein in thick filament
what is perimysium?
layer that wraps around the fascicle
what is sarcolemma?
cell membrane of a muscle cell
what is a sarcomere?
structural and functional unit of striated muscle
what are striations?
alternating light and dark bands in cardiac and skeletal muscle
what is thick filament?
in myofibrils, made of myosin, what causes the muscle to contract
what is thin filament?
in myofibrils, made of actin, what causes the muscle to contract
what is the Z line?
Z structure at the ends of sarcomeres
what is the zone of overlap?
where thin and thick filament overlap
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
biceps femoris
flexes lower leg and extends thigh
ischium & femur - fibula & tibia
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
semitendinosus
flexes lower leg and extends thigh
ischium - tibia
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
semimembranosus
flexes lower leg and extends thigh
ischium - tibia
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
gracilis
adducts thigh, flexes leg
pubis - tibia
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
adductor longus
adducts and flexes thigh
pubis - femur
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
adductor magnus
adducts and rotates thigh
pubis & ischium - femur
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
rectus femoris
extends lower leg, flexes thigh at hip
ilium - patella & tibia
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
vastus lateralis
extends lower leg
femur - patella & tibia
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
vastus medialis
extends lower leg
femur - patella & tibia
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
vastus intermedius
extends lower leg
femur - patella & tibia
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
sartorius
flexes leg at knee
ilium - tibia
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
tibialis anterior
dorsiflexes foot
tibia - 1st metatarsal & 1st cuneiform
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
extensor digitorum longus
dorsiflexes foot extends toes

tibia &fibula - phalanges 2-5
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
extensor hallucis longus
dorsiflexes foot, extends big toe
fibula - phalange #1
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
gastrocnemius
plantar flexes foot
femur - calcaneous
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
soleus
plantar flexes foot
tibia & fibula - calcaneous
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion
tibialis posterior
plantar flexes foot
tibia & fibula - metatarsal & cuneiform
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
flexor digitorum longus
plantar flexes foot, flexes toes
tibia - phalange 2-5
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
flexor hallucis longus
plantar flexes foot, flexes big toe
fibula - phalange 1
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
fibularis longus
plantar flexes & everts foot
fibula - 1st metatarsal & cuneiform
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
fibularis brevis
plantar flexes & everts foot
fibula - 5th metatarsal
what muscle is this?
what is its action?
what is its origin and insertion?
fibularis tertius
dorsiflexes foot & everts foot
fibula - 5th metatarsal