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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
condyle
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rounded, convex projection
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crest
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narrow ridge of bone
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epicondyle
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raised area of a condyle
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fissure
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narrow depression or opening
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foramen
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opening through a bone
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fossa
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shallow depression
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head
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structure supported on neck
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meatus
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canal-like structure
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process
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projection or prominence
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ramus
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armlike projection
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sinus
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air-filled cavity
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spine
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sharp, slender process
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trochanter
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large, irregularly shaped projection
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tubercle
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small rounded projection
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tuberosity
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large rounded projection
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Line |
Narrow ridge of bone; less prominent than a crest |
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Groove |
Furrow |
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Notch |
Indentation at the edge of a structure |
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Facet |
Smooth, nearly flat articular surface |
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What are the 2 main divisions of the skeleton? |
Axial Appendicular |
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Name the 3 major regions of the axial skeleton |
Skull Vertebral column Thoracic cage |
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How many bones comprise the axial skeleton? |
80 |
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How many bones comprise the skull? |
22 |
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How are most skull bones connected? |
By sutures. Except the mandible. |
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Name the 3 fossae in the skull |
Anterior, middle, and posterior cranial fossae |
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How many cranial bones are there? Name them. |
The paired parietal and temporal bones, and the unpaired frontal, occipital, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones. |
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Point to your external occipital protuberance |
(touch it) |
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Which bone is considered the "keystone" of the cranium? |
Sphenoid bone |
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How many pairs of true ribs are there?
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7
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How are the cervical vertebrae distinguished?
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Oval body, short, bifid process projects directly back, generally triangular foramen, each transverse process has a foramen.
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How are the thoracic vertebrae distinguished?
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The body is somewhat heart shaped, a small facet on each side, generally circular foramen, spinous process is long and points downward.
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How are the lumbar vertebrae distinguished?
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short, flat, hatchet shaped spinous process, triangular vertebral foramen.
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What are the 3 components of the sternum?
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Manubrium Body Xiphoid process |
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How many pairs of false ribs are there?
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5
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What's the difference between true ribs and false ribs?
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True ribs connect directly to the sternum. False ribs either connect indirectly, or not at all.
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Cervical Vertebrae
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Thoracic Vertebrae
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Lumbar Vertebrae
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Which features connect to the styloid process? |
Several tongue and neck muscles and a ligament that secures the hyoid bone |
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Which features attach to the mastoid process? |
Some neck muscles |
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What structure is found in the hypophyseal fossa of the sella turcica (on the sphenoid bone) |
The pituitary gland |
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What attaches to the crista galli? |
Dura mater of the brain (this helps secure the brain in the cranial cavity |
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Which bones are considered the keystone of the facial bones? |
The maxilla(2) |
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Bell's palsy can result from inflammation of which nerve as it passes through which structure? |
The facial nerve/stylomastoid foramen |
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Which foramen covers with cartilage after birth? |
Foramen lacerum |
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What passes through the incisive fossa? |
Sphenopalatine artery (supplies the mucous membrane), nasopalatine nerves |
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What type of cartilage makes up the nose? |
Hyaline |
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What feature(s) pass through the hypoglossal canal? |
The hypoglossal nerves |
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What features connect with the hyoid bone? |
Neck muscles that aid in swallowing |
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Which feature passes through the stylomastoid foramen? |
The facial nerve |
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What 2 structures compose the intervertebral disc? |
Nucleus pulposus Anulus fibrosus |
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What is the purpose of the appendicular skeleton? |
To carry out movement |
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Which bones comprise the pectoral girdle? |
The scapula and clavicle |
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What are the 2 ways joints are classified? |
Structurally Functionally |
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Name the 3 structural classifications of joints |
Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial |
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Name the 3 functional classifications of joints |
Synarthroses Amphiarthroses Diarthroses |
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Describe the gliding movement of joints. |
When flat articular surfaces slip over one another, or "glide". (Intercarpal and intertarsal joints, flat articular processes in the vertebrae) |
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Describe angular movement of joints. |
Increase or decrease the angle between 2 bones. (flexion, extension, hyperextension, abduction, adduction, circumduction) |
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Describe rotation movement of joints. |
The turning of a bone around its own long axis. (turning the head side to side) |
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Name the 6 categories of synovial joints. |
Plane Hinge Pivot Condylar Saddle Ball and Socket |