Antiseptics And Disinfectants

Front 1

Antiseptic (def)

Back 1

work on LIVING TISSUE

Front 2

Disinfectant (def)

Back 2

work on INANIMATE OBJECTS

Front 3

Alcohols
MOA

Back 3

denaturation of protein and lysis of some microorganisms

Front 4

Alcohols
not effective against what?

Back 4

spores

Front 5

Alcohols
which has greater bactericidal ability and which is less toxic?

Back 5

- Isopropyl alcohol (greater)
- Ethyl alcohol (less toxic)

Front 6

Chlorhexidine
mainly used how?

Back 6

- topical antiseptic
- surgical scrub

Front 7

Chlorhexidine
effective against what kind of microorganisms?

Back 7

Gram positive

Front 8

Chlorhexidine
MOA

Back 8

acts as cationic agent -> rupture of cell membrane

Front 9

Chlorhexidine
optimal pH for activity

Back 9

pH 5.5 - 7.0

Front 10

Chlorhexidine
side effect

Back 10

ototoxic when placed in middle ear

Front 11

Chlorhexidine
is incompatible with what?

Back 11

anionic detergents

Front 12

Sodium Hypochlorite
MOA

Back 12

kill m.o. by denaturing proteins and chemically deactivating essential enzymes

Front 13

Sodium Hypochlorite
effective against what virus?

Back 13

parvo

Front 14

chlorine kills what?

Back 14

vegetative bacteria, algae, fungi, enveloped/non-enveloped viruses

Front 15

Lugol's solution (strong iodine solution) consists of what?

Back 15

5% iodine and 10% potassium iodide in water

Front 16

Tincture of iodine consists of what?

Back 16

2% iodine and 2.4% sodium iodide in ethanol

Front 17

Strong tincture of iodine consists of what?

Back 17

7% iodine and 5% potassium iodide in 95% ethanol

Front 18

What increases the solubilty of iodine?

Back 18

PVP (polyvinyl pyrrolidone)

Front 19

Iodine
MOA

Back 19

- decreases O2 for aerobic m.o.
- interacts w/ proteins cytoplasmic membrane

Front 20

Tincture of iodine is contraindicated when?

Back 20

with open wounds and mucous membranes

Front 21

Hydrogen peroxide
what is 3% solution used for?

Back 21

cleansing antiseptic

Front 22

Hydrogen peroxide
what is 58% solution used for?

Back 22

sterilization of instruments

Front 23

Hydrogen peroxide
MOA

Back 23

denatures proteins and lipids of m.o.

Front 24

Benzalkonium chloride
MOA

Back 24

binds irreversibly to phospholipids and proteins of cell membrane, impairs permeablility

Front 25

Benzalkonium chloride
effective against what?

Back 25

gram postitive (disinfectant)

Front 26

Ethylene Oxide
MOA

Back 26

binds to nucleic acids of m.o.

Front 27

Ethylene Oxide
used for what?

Back 27

instrument sterilization

Front 28

Ethylene Oxide
side effects

Back 28

mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, eye irritation

Front 29

Tris-EDTA
is effective against what?

Back 29

Pseudomonas, E coli, Proteus, S aureus

Front 30

Tris-EDTA
MOA

Back 30

acts by affecting cell wall permeability and ribosome

Front 31

Glutaraldehyde
When doe is become active and what color change?

Back 31

active at alkaline pH (8-8.5)
colorless to green

Front 32

Formaldehyde
effective against what?

Back 32

spores

Front 33

Alcohols
the alcohol:water ratio that is most effective

Back 33

65.5 - 70% alcohol:water