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12 Cards in this Set
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PCN (Amoxicillin)
preferred because... MOA: Assessment Indications/Therapeutic Effects: Adverese effects: (Drug) interactions: Nursing Axns and Ct teaching: |
causes less GI distress; better absorbed; oral; produces blood therapeutic levels rapidly
MOA: bactericidal: inhibits cell wall synthesis A:hypersensitivity rxns I/TE: prevention of bacterial endocarditis; resp infections (sinusitis, bacterial bronchitis, bacterial sinusitis); otitis media AE: Superinfections (hypotension, urticaria, angioedema, respiratory distress, vomitting, diarrhea); anaphylaxis; bleeding; hypersensitivity I: Acidifying agents (OJ) N & C: take it on an empty stomach; take it with h20; evenly spaced intervals, ATC; report allergic rxns (diarrhea, black tongue,complete full treatment, follow instructions carefully; need more frequent admin. |
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CEPHALOSPORINS
Cephalexin (Keflex) - 1st generation MOA Assessment Indications/TE Adverse Effects: Contraindications: Drug Interactions: Nursing Axns & Pt. teaching: |
Bactericidal: inhibition of cell wall synthesis
Assess for BUN, CRcl, Pt INR, CBC for staph infectons/wound infections, skin infections and for soft issue infections Nephrotoxicity, phlebitis at IV site, n/v, diarrhea, superinfections, hypothrombinemia (blood disorder) PCN 25% cross sensitivity Food delays absorption take with food if the pt has GI distress; change IV site q2d; repor diarrhea - may interfere with vit K production; don't take with Mg/Al based antacids |
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AMINOGLYCOSIDES
Gentamicin (Garamycin) MOA Assessment Indications/TE: Adverse Effects Contraindications Drug interactions: Nrsg axns & Pt. teaching: |
for serious infections
bactericidal: binds with ribosomes, penetrate the cell wall Assess for BUN, CrCl, audiometry results WBC inc. for serious infections, peritonitis, meningitis, PID->infertility, trichomonas infections neurotoxicity, ototoxicity, nephrooxicity (do peaks & troughs, very narrow therapeutic level) hypersensitivity ceph with aminoglycoside -> nephrotoxicity push fluids, report ringing in the ears, deep IM (Z track) irritating to the muscle |
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FLUOROQUINOLONES
Ciprofloxacine (Cipro) MOA Assessment Indication/TE Adverse Effects: Contraindications Nrsg axns & Pt. teaching |
bactericidal: interferes with the bacterial DNA synthesis
assess labs for BUN, renal and hepatic fxn for STI, URI, UTI nephrotoxic, crystalluria, hepatotoxic allergic rxn not for pg women drink 2-3 quarts of fluid, antacids |
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TETRACYCLINE
Tetracycline MOA Assessment Indications/TE Adverse Effects Contraindications Nrsg axn & pt. teaching |
bacteriostatic
assess for impaired renal/hepatic fxn acne, STI, DOC for elderly , soft tissue infection gray color of the teeth, depress bone growth, photosensitivity, renal & hepatic impairment not for pg women and babies and children under 8y/o milk and antacids, give 1 hr or 2 hr pc, avoid prolonged sun exposure, report n/v diarrhea, skin rash, perineal itching, |
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SULFONAMIDE
Trimetroprim & sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) MOA Assessment Indication/TE: Adverse Effect Drug Interaction Nrsg Axn & Pt. Teaching |
Bacteriostatic: inhibition of FA synthesis
addess for UTI, WBC and bacteria ct for UTI (kills E.coli), chronic bronchitis,otitis media, sinusitis (resp. nl. flora that has become pathogenic) blood dyscrasia, allergic rxn (sore throat, fever, rash, chills), crystalluria Avoid Vit. C and ASA (causes crystalluria) push fluids at least 1200-1500 ml daily; cranberry juice decreases acidity of the urine, take on an empty stomach |
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MACROLIDE
Erythromycin MOA Assessment Indication/TE: Adverse Effect Drug Interaction Contraindication Nrsg Axn & Pt. Teaching |
both bacteriostatic and bactericidal
assess for c&s use for conjunctivitis DOC for legionaires dis. (resp infections), topical (skin infection), sub for PCN allergic pts hepatotoxic so do LFT, phelbitis at IV site, NV, diarrhea, abd. pain, cramping, jaundice antacids not for pts with cirrhosis or cancer of the liver take with h20, report nv and diarrhea, report s/s of hepa, report RUQ pin and jaundice |
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ANTITUBERCULAR
Isoniazid (INH) MOA Assessment Indication/TE: Adverse Effect Drug Interaction Nrsg Axn & Pt. Teaching |
bactericidal - inhibits formation of the cell walls
ID high risk patients; check diagnostic test reports for indication of TB (chest radiograph, tuberculin test, sputum and smear test culture) to prevent and treat TB neuritis, n/v , diarrhea, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity food delays absorption take B6 with INH; no inh if pg; red man syndrome with Rifampin; report dark urine, RUQ pain, jaundice N/V |
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ANTIVIRAL
Acyclovir (Zovirax) MOA Assessment Indication/TE: Adverse Effect Contraindication Nrsg Axn & Pt. Teaching |
virastatic: inihibits DNA reproduction. no cidal
p. 571 for herpes simplex 1 and 2; slows progression of disease N/V; diarrhea; skin rash;; dizziness not for pg women for systemic agents, monitor renal fxn, fluid balance, and CBC; teach infection control |
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ANTIRETROVIRAL
Zidovudine (Retrovir) MOA Assessment Indication/TE: Adverse Effect Contraindication Nrsg Axn & Pt. Teaching |
Virastatic: inhibits replication
p.571 for HIV patients N/V; diarrhea; skin rash; dizziness; anemia; thrombocytopenia; hard on the GI and renal not for pg women p.573 and 573 |
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ANTIFUNGAL
Amphotericin B MOA Assessment Indication/TE: Adverse Effect Drug Interaction Contraindication Nrsg Axn & Pt. Teaching |
fungicidal/fungistatic - depening on the conc. in the body fluids and susceptibiliy of the causative fungus
only for seious fungal infections; fungus growing in the bladder, in the lungs, in the wound, bad fungal infection (systemic fungal infection) can cause phlebitis. watch for LFT; can cause electrolyte imbalance, nephro and hepatotoxic not for hepatic/renal impaired pts report n/v, diarrhea, abd. pain; can cause pelbitis at IV site; monitor for anemia and thrombocytopnia |
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ANTIPARASITIC
Metronidazole (Flagyl) MOA Assessment Indication/TE: Adverse Effect Drug Interaction Contraindication Nrsg Axn & Pt. Teaching |
amebicidal
assess for hypersensitivity and C&S before tx for trichomonas infection, amoeba. anaerobes, STI (female - copious, fish smelling) GI effects (anorexia, NV, epigastric burning, diarrhea); convulsion; vertigo; HA on' take with alcohol (produces abd distress) not for 1st rimester of pregnancy report CNS disturbance with flagyl |