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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the target of antifungal agents? (What are the 2 exceptions?) |
Cell membrane or cell wall |
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What serious side effect do all antifungals carry?
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Teratogens!! - exception = amphortericin B |
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What are the only 2 antifungals that can cross the BBB?
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Flucytosine
Fluconazole |
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Amphortericin B
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Class – Polyene |
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Nystatin
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Class – polyene |
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Flucytosine
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Class – antimetabolite/ pyrimidine analog |
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What is the shared MOA of Azoles?
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Inhibit fungal CYP p450 to inhibit demethylation of lanosterol to block synthesis of ergosterol (and thus cell membrane)
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What is the shared side effect of azoles?
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Inhibit human Cyp enzymes and thus cause many drug-drug interactions
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Keto-conazole
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Class – azole
USE – topical use only (very toxic) SE – If orally administered: hormone imbalances, inhib P450 to cause Rx-interactions, decreased GI absorption if acidic stomach |
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Itra-conazole
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Class – azole |
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Flu-conazole
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Class – Azole – able to cross BBB |
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Vori-conazole
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Class – Azole |
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Posa-conazole
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Class – Azole
USE – same as irtra + mucormycosis (zygomyco) SE – Prolonged QT interval |
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What side effect is seen with topical azoles?
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Still see Rx-Rx-Interactions!
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What are the 3 Echinocandins? How are they administered?
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Caspo-fungin, Anidula-fungin, Mica-fungin
*IV administration* |
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What is the MOA of Echinocandins?
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Inhibit synthesis of β-1,3-D-glucan to disrupt cell wall
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What is the clinical use of Echinocandins?
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. Deep invasive Candidia and Aspergillus, |
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What kind of drug interactions do Echinocandins display?
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Not metabolized by CYP enzymes thus little interactions, but metabolized by anti-rejection meds (cyclosporine, sirolimus, tacrolimus) and thus interact w/ them
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What is the MOA of Allylamines?
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Target squalene 2-3 epoxides to inhibit erogsterol synthesis (cause pores to form in membranes)
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What is the only allylamine drug and what is its main use?
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Terbinafine – dermatophytes – nail/toenail infxns (onychomycosis) and ringworm
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What is the MOA of Grisefulvin and is main use?
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MOA = Inhibit microtubule polymerization
USE = dermatophytes – ringworm |
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What is the 1st line drug for Mucuromycoses (Zygomycoses)?
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Amphortericin B |