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34 Cards in this Set

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Karamycin Effective against
aerobic gram-negative bacilli and some gram-positive bacteria, including mycobacteria
Karamycin Effective against
aerobic gram-negative bacilli and some gram-positive bacteria, including mycobacteria
Vancomycin Effective against
gram positive staphylococci and spirochetes
Gentamycin Effective against
many gram-negative bacteria, especially Pseudomonas species, as well as certain gram-positive bacteria, especially Staphylococcus aureus
Bacitracin Effective against
a wide range of gram-positive and a few gram-negative bacteria, especially cocci
Streptomycin Effective against
a wide variety of aerobic gram-negative bacilli and some gram-positive bacteria, including mycobacteria (most effective against leptospira and haemophilus-associated infections)
Rifampin/Rifampicin Effective against
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Haemophilus influenzae and Legionella pneumophila
Penicillin Effective against
gram-positive cocci, some gram-negative cocci (gonococcus and meningococcus), and clostridial and spirochetal organisms
Erythromycin Effective against
many gram-positive bacteria and some gram-negative bacteria
Nitrofurantoin Effective against
E. coli or Staph. saprophyticus.
Neomycin Effective against
gram-negative rods and some gram-positive cocci
Lincomycin Effective against
group A β-hemolytic streptococci, pneumococci, staphylococci, and anaerobes
Karamycin Side Effects
pain or irritation where the injection was given; mild skin rash; headache; fever; or nausea, vomiting; loss of hearing
Vancomycin Side Effects
anaphylaxis, dizziness, and tinnitus
Gentamycin Side Effects
Balance difficulty, Bouncing, unsteady vision, Ringing in the ears, Difficulty multi-tasking, particularly when standing
Bacitracin Side Effects
sometimes blurred vision; mild burning, irritation, or stinging
Streptomycin Side Effects
Abnormal skin sensation around the face; feeling of whirling motion; fever; swelling
Rifampin/Rifampicin Side Effects
fever, gastrointestinal disturbances, rashes, and jundice
Penicillin Side Effects
diarrhea, hypersensitivity, nausea, rash, neurotoxicity
Erythromycin Side Effects
diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, and vomiting
Nitrofurantoin Side Effects
nausea and vomiting, fever, rash, hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Neomycin Side Effects
Diarrhea; nausea.
Lincomycin Side Effects
Diarrhea; infrequent urination; nausea; pain or irritation at the injection site; vomiting.
Karamycin Mech of A
interacts with prokaryotic ribosomes.Induces mistranslation and indirectly inhibits translocation during protein synthesis.
Vancomycin Mech of A
prevents incorporation of N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) and N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) peptide subunits into the peptidoglycan matrix thus inhibiting cell wall formation
Gentamycin Mech of A
binds to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes thus interrupting protein synthesis
Bacitracin Mech of A
interferes with the dephosphorylation of the C55-isoprenyl pyrophosphate, a molecule that carries the building-blocks of the peptidoglycan bacterial cell wall
Streptomycin Mech of A
binds to the S12 Protein of the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, interfering with the binding of formyl-methionyl-tRNA to the 30S subunit, preventing protein synthesis
Rifampin/Rifampicin Mech of A
inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase in bacterial cells by binding its beta-subunit, thus preventing transcription to RNA and protein syntyesis
Penicillin Mech of A
inhibits the formation of peptidoglycan cross-links in the bacterial cell wall
Erythromycin Mech of A
binding to the 50s subunit of the bacterial 70s rRNA complex, protein synthesis and subsequent structure and function processes critical for life or replication are inhibited
Nitrofurantoin Mech of A
Inhibits bacterial enzymes required for normal cell activity at low concentrations; inhibits normal cell-wall synthesis at high concentrations
Neomycin Mech of A
reacts with 30S ribosomal subunits of prokaryotic cells, thus interfering with protein synthesis
Lincomycin Mech of A
binds to 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes; suppresses protein synthesis;