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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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EMPIRIC THERAPY |
TX OF INFECTION BEFORE CULTURE HAS BEEN OBTAINED |
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DIFINITIVE THERAPY |
ATB TX AFTER CULTURE OBTAINED TO TREAT SPECFIC ORGANISM |
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PROPHYLACTIC THERAPY |
ATB TX TO PREVENT INFECTION; GIVEN BEFORE SURGERY OR AFTER TRAUMA |
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ATB MECHANISM OF ACTION |
INTERFERES WITH: CELL WALL, PROTEIN, SYNTHESIS & DNA REPLICATION |
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ACTIONS OF ATB: BACTERICIDAL |
KILL BACTERIA |
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ACTIONS OF ATB:
BACTERIOSTATIC |
INHIBIT GROWTH OF BACTERIA, NOT KILL THEM
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ALWAYS OBTAIN ________ BEFORE BEGINNING ATB!! |
CULTURES |
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BEFORE BEGINNING ATB ASSESS FOR: |
ALLERGIES, RENAL, LIVER, CARDIAC FX HEALTH HX, IMMUNE STATUS |
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S/S OF SUPERINFECTION |
FEVER, PERINEAL ITCHING, LETHARGY, DIARRHEA, UNUSUAL DISCHARGE |
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TAKING AN ATB INCREASES CHANCE OF ________. |
PREGNANCY |
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ORAL ATB ARE ABSORBED BEST IF TAKEN.... |
WITH 6-8 OZ OF WATER |
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ADVERSE ATB REACTIONS |
MILD: STOMACH UPSET, N/V/D SEVERE: FLUSHING, ITCHING, HIVES, ANXIETY, FASAT IRREULAR PULSE, THROAT AND TONGUE SWELLING, ANAPHLACTIC SHOCK |
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MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION (MIC) |
DIGOXIN & DILANTIN LEVELS |
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SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS |
2 ATB USED TOGETHER BECAUSE THEY WORK BEST TOGETHER |
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ATB TOXICITIES |
OTOTOXICITY: HEARING LOSS NEPHROTOXICITY: RENAL **Monitor trough levels every 5-7 days as ordered |
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ATB CLASSES |
SULFONAMIDES PENICILLINS CEPHALOSPROINS MACROLIDS QUINOLONES AMINOQGLYCOSIDES TERACYCLINES |
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SULFONAMIDES (Bactrim) |
USUALLY COMBINED WITH ANOTHER ATB TREATS: UTI PJP UPPER RESP INFECTION |
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SULFONAMIDES ADVERSE EFFECTS (Bactrim) |
ANEMIA, PHOTOSENSITVITY, N/V/D Stevens Johnson Syndrome- Rx to Bactrim; top part of mucus membrane sloughs off |
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SULFONAMIDE IMLICATIONS (Bactrim) |
TAKE WITH 2000-3000 ML OF FLUID/24 HR ASSESS RBC PRIOR TO GIVING ATB CANNOT TAKE BACTRIM IF THEY HAVE A SULFA ALLERGY BEWARE FOR HYPOGLYCEMIA .. CANNOT TAKE BACTRIM + GLIPIZIDE WHEN TAKING ANTICOAGULANT & ATB, INCREASED RISK FOR BLEEDING-- BE CAUTIOUS!! |
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BETA-LACTAM ATB: 4 MAJOR SUB CLASSES |
1. Penicillins 2. Cephalosporins 3. Carbapenems 4. Monobactams |
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PENICILLINS |
AMOXICILLIN, AMPICILLIN EXTENDED SPECTRUM ---> PIPERACILLIN, TICACILLIN, CARBENICILLIN **Usually combined with other drugs, rarely used alone |
