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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What types of drugs are used to treat anxiety?
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Benzodiazepines, Other Antianxiety Agents, & Sedative/Hypnotics (Anxiolytics or Minor Tranquilizers)
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What is the objective of drug therapy?
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Purpose: decrease anxiety
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Action of Benzodiazepines
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potentiates action of GABA & CNS depressant
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What is the administration route of Benzodiazepines?
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po, IM, IV
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What is the frequency of administration?
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routine or PRN
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Side effects of Benzodiazepines?
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1. drowsiness 2.urinary retention
3. weight gain 4.blurred vision 5. orthostatic hypotension 6.constipation 7. dry mouth 8.dependency 9. withdrawal symptoms includes: a. agitation/irritability b.tremors c. sweating d.nausea/vomiting e. tachycardia f.hypertension g. hallucinations h.convulsions i. tolerance j. potentially lethal with alcohol. Benzodiazepines and alcohol are both CNS depressants. This combination increases risk for respiratory depression. |
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Nursing Interventions/Teaching for Benzodiazepines
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1. Name of medication, purpose, dosage, frequency, side effects of medication, take as directed, and a 30 day supply of the medication is given each month.
2. Do not abruptly stop benzodiazepine due to dependency and withdrawal. 3. Do not drive or operate heavy machinery until drowsiness decreases. 4. Do not use alcohol due to increase in CNS depressant effects. 5. See textbook for list of other teaching interventions for the side effects of benzodiazepines. 6. Longer half lives of Tranxene, Librium, and Valium. Therefore, these 3 medications should be used cautiously with the elderly. |
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Most Benzodiazepines have zep in thegeneric name.
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Librium(chlordiazepoxide) Valium(diazepam) Serax (oxazepam)
Tranxene (chlorazepate) Ativan(lorazepam) Klonopin(clonazepam) Xanax (alprazolam) |
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Xanax (alprazolam)
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Benzodiazepine
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Klonopin(clonazepam)
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Benzodiazepine
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Ativan(lorazepam)
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Benzodiazepine
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Tranxene(chlorazepate)
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Benzodiazepine
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Serax (oxazepam)
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Benzodiazepine
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Valium(diazepam)
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Benzodiazepine
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Librium(chlordiazepoxide)
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Benzodiazepine
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Other Antianxiety Agents:
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1.BuSpar
2.Vistaril |
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Vistaril
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used for anxiety, nausea, vomiting, sedation, and itching. No dependency or withdrawal potential.
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BuSpar
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used for anxiety with no dependency or withdrawal potential.
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Sedative/Hypnotics
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Ambien, Lunesta, & Restoril -used for insomnia associated with increased anxiety. Side effects include dependency, tolerance, daytime drowsiness, and “drugged” feeling.
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Miscellaneous info
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Antidepressants such as SSRI’s and TCA’s (such as Anafranil) can be used to treat anxiety disorders too.
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Which sedative-hypnotic medications are used for the short-term tx for the insomnia that often accompanies anxiety disorders?
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Restoril (temazepam)
Lunesta (eszopiclane) Ambien (zolpidem) |
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Which antianxiety medicatin is not addictive
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BuSpar
Vistraril |
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Nursing intervention: or teaching
Teach to not stop medicatins abruptly |
Benzodiazepine can cause addiction. Unsupervised withdrawal from a CNS depressant can be fatal.
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Nursing intervention:or teaching
Teach not to drink alcohol when taking this med. |
The combination between Benzodiazepine and CNS depressants cause potentially lethal CNS depressant
effects |
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Nursing intervention: or teaching
Teach to take medications as ordered. |
Benzodiazepines can be abused. Tolorance develops quickly.
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Nursing intervention: or teaching
Hold if diastolic BP drops below 20mmHg. |
Orthostatic Hypertention is a side effect of benzodiazepines.
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Contraindications of Benzodiazepines
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Do not use during pregnancy- causes cleft lip or palate.
Do not use with alcohol-taking alcohol or other CNS depressant while taking Benzodiazepines can be lethal due to CNS potentiation. |
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Benzodiazepines
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exacerbate narrow angle glaucoma
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Benzodiazepines have side effects of anticholinergic and CNS, name a few of each.
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CNS: fatigue, decreased coordination,slowing of reflexes, drowsiness,.
Anticholinergic: dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary incontinance, constipation, Orthostatic hypotension, urinary retintion, |
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Advantages of Benzodiazepine
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Calm nerves
Blurs reality can be take PRN |
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Benzodiazepines are used for:
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pre-surgery nervousness
Chronic anxiety Acute anxiety Substance withdrawl Seizure disorder Panic disorder |