Anti-Viral & Anti-Parastics

Front 1

Acyclovir

Back 1

Herpes virus (genital, oral, chickenpox, shingles)

-guanine analog

-Competitive substrate forDNA polymerase

--> Chain termination

Front 2

Valacyclovir

Famcicolovir

(-clovir)

Back 2

Herpes virus

Acyclovir derivatives

Front 3

Docosanol

Back 3

Herpes virus

-Prevent viral entry.

-inhibits fusion between HSV envelop and plasma membranes.

Front 4

Amantadine

Back 4

Influenza A (given within 28-48hr)

MOA: inhibit the un-coating of Influenza A

1. block pore formation by M2 protein

2.Prevent H+ from entering the virus

3.Prevent acidification of the virus for viral RNA transcriptase

Front 5

Oseltamivir (pill) / Zanamivir (inhaler)

Back 5

Influenza A or B (used within 24 hrs)

MOA:

1.Binds to influenza neuraminidase (NA)

2. Prevent the cleavage of silica acid residues

3. Inability to release progeny virions

Front 6

Maraviroc

Back 6

HIV- entry/fusion inhibitors

MOA- blocks CCRS and hence reduces viral attachment

Front 7

Enfuvirtide

Back 7

HIV

-subcutaneously

-MOA:

binds to the gp41 subunit of the viral envelop glycoprotein

inhibit conformational change for membrane fusion

Front 8

Zidovudine

Lamivudine

Back 8

HIV- inhibiting DNA Synthesis

- Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

- Nucleoside analog

-Act as terminators via their insertion into the growing DNA chain

Front 9

Tenofovir

Back 9

HIV- inhibiting DNA Synthesis

-Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

-Nucleotide analog (nucleodie + phosphate)

-Act as terminators via their insertion into the growing DNA chain.

-Used after multiple drugs failure

Front 10

Efavirenz

Nevirapine

Back 10

HIV- inhibiting DNA Synthesis

Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

non-competitive inhibitors (bind to reverse transcriptase)

Front 11

Raltegravir

Back 11

Integrase Inhibitors

Front 12

Lopinavir

Atazanavir

Indinavir

Back 12

Protease inhibitors

Front 13

Abacavir

Back 13

3 NRTIs treatment

Front 14

HIV Standard Regime

Back 14

2NRTI and protease inhibitors

2 NRTI & NNRTI

3 NRTI (abacavir)

Aim:

reduced plasma HIV RNA levels by 2 months and undetectable levels by 4 to 6 months

Front 15

Iodoquinol

Back 15

Intestinal amebicide

-iodine

Front 16

Chloroquine

Back 16

Tissue or extra intestinal amebicide

-remain toxic to cell (x hemozoin formation)

Front 17

Metronidazole

Back 17

Both intestinal and extraintestinal amebicide

MOA: Damaging protozoa's DNA

Front 18

Chloroquine

Back 18

Anti-malarial agents

prophylaxis

Front 19

Mefloquine

Halofantrine

Back 19

Anti-malarial agents (chloroquine-resistance strains)

-inhibits heme polymerase- X Hemozoin formation

Front 20

Pyrimethamine

Proguanil

Back 20

Anti-malarial agents

Selective inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase of the Plasmodium

Front 21

Primaquine

Back 21

Anti-malarial agents

-Effective against exo-erythrocyticor tissue forms

-generating reactive oxygen

Front 22

Treatment for malaria

Back 22

Chloroquine + Primaquine

Front 23

Malarone

Back 23

Atovaquone and Proguanil

Front 24

Atovaquone

Back 24

Anti-malarial agent

MOA- inhibits parasitic mitochondrial electron transport

Front 25

Proguanil

Back 25

Anti-malarial agent

MOA- inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, limit folic acid production

Front 26

Mebendazole

Back 26

Anthelmintics

-Inhibit the worm’s ability to absorb glucose

-Stopping production of ATP

Front 27

Pyrantel

Lvermectin

Back 27

Anthelmintics

-Neuro-muscular blocking agent

-Paralysis of the muscle

MOA: bind to Cl- ion channel, hyperpolarization paralysis and death of parasite.