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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Methotrexate
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Folic Acid Analogue
Mechanism: *S-phase of cell cycle *Inhibits Purine and Thymidylate synthesis (uracil and cytosine are normal) *Inhibits Dihydrofolate reductase Adverse Reaction: *hepatotoxicity *Teratogenesis *miscarriage *neurotoxicity |
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6-Mercaptopurine
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Purine Analogue
Mechanism: *S-phase of cell cycle *Inhibits Purine Synthesis *Inhibits Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) prevents IMP conversion to AMP and GMP Adverse Reaction: *Pancreatitis *liver toxicity *bone marrow suppression |
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6-thioguanine
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Purine Analogue
Mechanism: *S-phase of cell cycle *Inhibits Purine Synthesis *Inhibits Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) prevents IMP conversion to AMP and GMP *Inhibits DNA replication Adverse Reaction: *Pancreatitis *liver toxicity *bone marrow suppression |
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5-fluoroacil
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Pyrimidine Analogue
Mechanism: *S-phase of cell cycle *Inhibits Pyrimidine synthesis. *Inhibits Thymidylate synthase Adverse Reaction: *leucopenia *thrombocytopenia *agranulocytosis *coronary vasospasm |
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Hydroxyurea
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Purine and Pyrimidine Synthesis Inhibitor
Mechanism: *S-phase of cell cycle *Inhibits purine and pyrimidine synthesis *Inhibits ribonucleuotide reductase --> cannot convert nucleuotides to deoxynucleotides Adverse Reaction: *Leukemia |
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Vinblastine
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Microtubule polymerization inhibitors
Mechanism: *M-phase of cell cycle *Inhibit microtubule polymerization --> cannot synthesize DNA and RNA Adverse Reaction: *myelosuppression *peripheral neuropathy *ototoxicity *seizures *SIADH |
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Vincristine
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Microtubule polymerization inhibitors
Mechanism: *M-phase of cell cycle *Inhibit microtubule polymerization --> cannot synthesize DNA and RNA Adverse Reaction: *myelosuppression *peripheral neuropathy *ototoxicity *seizures *SIADH |
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Paclitaxel
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Microtubule de-polymerization inhibitor
Mechanism: *M-phase of cell cycle *Inhibit microtubule de-polymerization by binding to B-tubulin Adverse Reaction: *more hypersensitivity than docetaxel *anaphylaxis |
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Docetaxel
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Microtubule de-polymerization inhibitor
Mechanism: *M-phase of cell cycle *Inhibit microtubule de-polymerization by binding to B-tubulin Adverse Reaction: *More neutropenia than paclitaxel |
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Mechlorethamine (mustargen)
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DNA interactive agents/alkylating agents - Nitrogen Mustards
Mechanism: *Non-cell cycle specific *Covalently binds and crosslinks DNA via alkylation of guanine Adverse Reaction: *Acute myelogenous leukemia. |
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Cyclophosphamide
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DNA interactive agents/alkylating agents - Nitrogen Mustards
Mechanism: *Non-cell cycle specific *Activated by CyP450 *covalently binds and cross links DNA via alkylation of guanine Adverse Reaction: *Hemorrhagic cystitis *cardiotoxicity |
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Melphalan
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DNA interactive agents/alkylating agents - Nitrogen Mustards
Mechanism: *Non-cell cycle specific *Covalently binds and crosslinks DNA via alkylation of guanine Adverse Reaction: *Acute myelogenous leukemia |
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Carmustine
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Nitrosoureas
Mechanism: *non-cell cycle specific *Crosses Blood brain barrier *Covalently binds and crosslinks DNA via alkylation of guanine Adverse Reaction: *pulmonary fibrosis *renal failure |
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Cisplatin
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Platinum Coordinator
Mechanism: *non-cell cycle specific *Covalently binds and crosslinks DNA via alkylation of guanine *requires hydration (prevents renal toxicity) Adverse Reaction: *nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, ototoxicity |
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Carboplatin
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Platinum Coordinator
Mechanism: *non-cell cycle specific *Covalently binds and crosslinks DNA via alkylation of guanine *does not require hydration Adverse Reaction: *neurotoxicity |
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Bleomycin
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Bleomycins
Mechanism: *oxidative damage to deoxyribose of thymidylate and other nucleotides --> breaks in DNA Adverse Reaction: *Pulmonary fibrosis |
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Busulfan
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Bleomycins
Mechanism: *covalently binds and crosslinks DNA via alkylation of guanine *metabolized after alkylation Adverse Reaction: *pulmonary fibrosis *reproductive toxicity *teratogenesis |
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Mitomycin
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Bleomycins
Mechanism: *covalently binds and crosslinks DNA via alkylation of adenine and guanine --> single and double strand DNA breaks *chromosome breaks Adverse Reaction: *stomatitis *fever *dermatitis |
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Irinotecan
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Topoisomerase Interactant
Mechanism: *binds and stabilizes topoisomerase 1 cleavable complex --> accumulation of DNA single-strand breaks Adverse Reaction: *severe diarrhea *thromboembolism |
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Doxorubicin
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Anthracyclins – antibiotic chemotherapeutic agents
Mechanism: *Blocks transcription of DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase Adverse Reaction: *cardiotoxicity |
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Tamoxifen
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Estrogen receptor modulator
Mechanism: *Inhibits estrogen binding to estrogen receptors in some tissues (breast) *estrogen agonist effects in other tissues (cardiac) Adverse Reaction: *endometrial cancer *thromboembolism *hot flushes |
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Goserelin Acetate
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Anti-androgen
Mechanism: *Gonadotropin Releaseing Hormone Analog --> transient ↑ of FSH and LH --> followed by ↓ in FSH and LH Adverse Reaction: *pain at injection site *gynecomastica *impotence |
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Imatinib Mesylate (Gleevec)
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Anti-androgen
Mechanism: *inhibits tyrosine kinase of Platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) *inhibits ABL kinase (BCR-ABL fusion protein of t(9;22) Adverse Reaction: *idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome |
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Thalidomide
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Miscellaneous
Mechanism: *inhibits angiogenesis by inhibiting formation of new blood vessels from existing vasculature. Adverse Reaction: *teratogenesis |