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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The study of all aspects of the human experience |
Anthropology |
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What are the subfields of Anthropology? |
Cultural, ethnology, and ethnography |
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Study of different cultures |
ethnography |
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Comparison of two or more cultures |
ethnology |
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Post evidence of human behavior through study of artifacts/landscapes |
Archaeology |
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Languages |
Linguistic |
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mental process |
Cognitive |
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Structural/Evolution |
Physical/Biological |
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What are the Subfields of Biological Anthropology? |
Paleoanthropology, Primatology, Paleopathology, Skeletal Biology and Osteology, Forensic Anthropology, and Human Biology. |
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The study of the human Fossil record |
Paleoanthropology |
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The behavior and evolution of non human primates. |
Primatology |
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The study of disease in ancient populations |
Paleopathology |
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The study of skeleton/the study of growth ad physiology |
Skelitial Biology |
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The study of how an individual died |
Forensic Anthropology |
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Human Biological adaptation |
Human Biology |
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- Genesis and other Biblical Calculations -Protestants(Archbishop James Ussher, Mid 1600's) 4,004 BC -Catholics: 5,199 BC |
Assumptions of when the world began |
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As early as the year of _____ at least one ______ thought that stone tools were those used by _____ before bronze or iron tools. |
-1650 -antiquarian -Britons |
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In the year of ____, : equation of tools with hunting practices of native new englanders |
-1699 |
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"plastic force", forming new but unworthy animals; fish and other fossils on mountaintops evidence of flood/genesis. |
Fossils |
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In the year of 1690 , _____________ finds in gravels outside of London what he thinks is fossil _____ in association with Flint Spearpoint. |
-John Conyers -elephant ivory |
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Is explained away by notion that Roman emperor _____ conquered Britain in ________ atop elephants. |
-Claudius -AD 43 |
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In the year of ______, Priest named ______ finds a layer of clay containing bones of an extinct bear in caves near ______ in the clay were Human _____ and Shoulder Blade. |
-1774
-Johann Esper -Bamberg, Germany -Jawbone |
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In the year of _____ British Antiquarian _______: discovers stone hand axes under a layer of extinct marine shells and animals. |
-1797 -John Frere |
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These findings are ignored or explained away as evidence of a biblical flood. |
Stone hand axes under a layer of extinct marine shells and animals. |
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_____ found Stone hand axes under a layer of extinct marine shells and humans although his work was not discovered till six decades later. |
- John Frere |
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In the year ______ untill _______: catholic Priest _______ (1797-1841) excavates at Kent's Cavern in Southern England. Unbroken Stalagmite floor. |
-1824 untill 1829 -John MacEnerny |
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The predominant ways of thinking about ideas |
-Paradigm |
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John MacEnerny finds __________ in Kent's Cavern under a unbroken stalagmite floor. |
-Flint tools with extinct animals. |
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The father of modern taxonomy, and developed his system of classification by grouping together organisms with similar anatomical structures, he used _____________ to identify and group different forms |
- Carlos Linnaeus, binomial nomenclature |
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Naming and classification of organisms based on morphologicals similarities and differences. |
Taxonomy |
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In the years of _____, _____,______, __________ Excavated Kent's Cavern then Excavated beneath Stalagmite layer at Windmill Hill and later Returns to Kent's Cavern for 15 field seasons. |
-1846,1858,1864 -William Pengelly |
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At Windmill Cave _______ discovers ______, ______,______,_____,______ on association with _____ tools. |
-William Pengelly -Cave Bears, Lion, Mammoth, Rhino, and Reindeer. -Stone |
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William Pengelly's discoveries were the evidence to prove _______. |
- Climate change and age of planet. |
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Ensured that every artifact was permanently recorded in its rightful position. |
Grid System |
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The lines of the strata that the dig should follow is_____. |
"Proper Horizon". |
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How many levels were found in Windmill Hill Caves? Flint implements in association with the remains of mammoths, Rhinos, and Cave Lions in the _____ |
- Four levels were found -Third level |
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- Lower Temperature -Lower Seas -Different Fauna -Different Flora -Different geography |
- Evidence of a different world |
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In the year of ______, person named _________, begins to discover hand axes in the river gravels of the ______ which eventually associates them with ________________. |
-1832 - Jacques Boucher de Perthes -Somme - bones of extinct fossil animals |
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In the year of ______ ,_______ published __ volumes called ___________. |
-1838 - Jacques Boucher de Perthes -5 volumes -On the creation |
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In the year of _____, ________ published __ more volumes on ______________ and the biblical dates start to fall. |
-1847 -Jacques Boucher de Perthes -3 more volumes -The Antediluvian (alternatively Pre-Diluvian or Pre-Flood or even Tertiary) period—meaning "before the deluge"—is the time period referred to in the Bible between the Fall of man and theNoachian Deluge (the Genesis Flood) in the biblical cosmology. |
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In ______, ________ sets out to discredit Boucher De Perthes with excavations at __________ but then ends up supporting him. |
-1854 -Dr. rigollet -St. Acheul |
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What year is prehistory Born? |
-1859 |
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In the year of _____, two more Neanderthal Skeletons dug up in Belgium. |
-1868 |
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A conclusion is probable based on the evidence is the definition of ________. |
- Inductive Reasoning
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who is the Inventor of Scientific Method? |
-Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
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The seven steps in order of Scientific Method also known as Baconian Method are? |
1. Observation 2.Hypothesis 3.Test 4.Refute/Disprove 5.Retest 6.Support 7. Theory |
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a conclusion is probable based on evidence, otherwise known as the ______________ method aka ___________ method |
inductive reasoning,baconian |
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if the premises are true, so are the conclusions |
deductive reasoning |
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in Bacon's books, __________ and _____________ people ................. |
New Atlantis and Instauratio Magna (Big Rebirth) : people assume things and think they know it instead of consulting experience and observation, if they did they would have facts and not opinions |
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where bacon and different scientist got together to do scientific reasoning |
New Atlantis |
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1st curator of denmarks national museum (1816) sorted 1000 pieces by material they were made from and by time called the ___________ |
Christian Jurgenson Thompson stone(oldest), bronze(recent), Iron (most recent), the three age system |
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One of Christian Thompsons students ________. wrote the ________________________ to show evidence for the three age system |
Jens Worsae, The primeval antiquities of denmark" (1849) |
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contrasted the smooth polished rocks of scandinavia, used the chipped flints of ______________ and ______________ |
John Lubbock (1834-1913), Boucher de Perthes and Pengelly |
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John Lubbock wrote ___________(1865) which divided the stone age into 2 time periods |
Prehistoric Times , old stone age , new stone age |
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He was noted for innovations in archaeological methodology, and in the museum display of archaeological and ethnological collections. His international collection of about 22,000 objects |
General Augustus Henry Lane Fox Pitt Rivers |
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_______________ refines the 3 age system by specifics, (ex. relative chronology, designs, and subdivides the neolithic and bronze ages
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Oscar montelius(1843-1921) |
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1000 BP+- 50 -------> 950 AD+-50 ____________
900-1000 A.D |
1950-1000=950
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_______ found clay deposits (varves) near glacial lakes reflected anual glacial melting Pin pointed the end of the ice age at about ______ B.P. gave actual years to geological history |
Louis Gerhard de Gaar,9000 |
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The Medival mind/ Materialist Mind Lasted from _____ A.D. to ______ A.D. ended during the ______ |
500-1500, rennaissance |
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The architectural structure of the medival cistercian monastary offers a clue to a ________________ of humans in the universe |
fixed spiritual conception |
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Type of Need Direction located & what happened there animus ____________ corpus ____________ spiritus ____________ |
mind east (libraries, lecture rooms)
body south( eating,sleeping, punishment) spirit North(church) |
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Norweigan word for alter |
kor |
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The _______ makes up the essence of human kind to put ____ above _____ is to go against ______ |
body, spirit-body-nature |
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________ studied the 2000 year old roman temple and the rough area in middle of each column shows effects of marine rock boring; he used the temple to prove the earth was more than millions of years old |
Charles Lyell |
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Charles Lyell wrote the book called _________ which opened the way for Charles Darwins theory |
Principles of Geology |
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___________ was the captain of the beagle , and wrote the Narative of the Surveying Voyages of H.M.S. Adventure and Beagle (1839) which explained that the sedimentary material in Patagonia could never have been affected by a 40 days flood. |
Robert Fitzroy |
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application of darwins theory to human society |
social darwinism |
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the study of the layering of the earth's sediments |
stratigraphy |
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contributed to the early ideas of organic change, believed the earth was _____ years old, and wrote the ________ which was one the first works to address the origin in a non biblical sense. |
Comte De Buffon, 6000, Natural history |
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grandfather of charles darwin, the first to put forward formal ideas about evolution. He belived that life had been made from God but evolution created different species |
Erasmus Darwin |
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____________ helped Erasmus Darwin and may have been the first to put the idea about evolution , didnt agree with Buffon's idea of creation. proposed 3 components of evolution 1) 2) 3) |
Jean Baptise Lamarck 1)the will to change 2)the inheritence of acquired characteristics 3)the law of use and disuse |
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________ used the theory of catastrophism to explain how the past living creatures were extinct |
Georges Cuvier |
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the study of the biological and bio cultural facets of humans and their relatives |
biological anthropology |
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the study of human culture and its complexity |
cultural anthropology |
