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99 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Morphological |
Primary and secondary sex charectoristics |
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Gonadal |
Ovaries and testes |
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Chromosomal |
XX and XY |
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Intersex |
Morphological and chromosomal |
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Bardache |
A third gendered Native American. Fill production/creative roles. "Two spirited" |
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Relatedness |
Socially recognised ties that connect people to one another. Embedded in politics and economics. |
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Kinship Bodily vs Spiritual |
Forms of relatedness believed to come from shared substance and it's transmission Bodily: such as blood, genes, or mother's milk Spiritual: such as souk, spirit, nutirence, or love |
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Ego |
Individual of reference when tracing lineage |
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Affinity |
Connection through marriage when tracing lineage |
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Collaterality |
Proximity to line of descent |
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Relative age |
Age with respect to ego |
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Bifurcation |
Distinguishes mother's side from father's side |
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Parallel Cousins |
Relationship of children of same gendered siblings |
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Cross Cousins |
Relationship of children of different gendered siblings |
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Marriage |
Relationship based on reproduction |
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Descent |
Relationship based on parent-chikd relationship |
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Bilateral descent |
Trace descent through both families |
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Unilateral descent |
Trace descent through mother or father |
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Lineage |
Trace direct descent to a known ancestor; unilinear by definition |
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Clan |
Belief in a common ancestor, even if precise links are not known; usually composed of lineages |
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Patrilineagues |
Descent traced through the father; father son pair emphasized |
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Matrilineagues |
Descent traced through mother, not the same as matriarchy; sister brother pair emphasized and most important person in a child's life is their uncle |
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Affinial marriage |
Relationships created through affinity/common interests |
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Consanguineal |
Relationship based on descent |
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Endogamy |
Marriage within a defined social group |
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Exogamy |
Marriage outside of a defined social group |
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Neolocal |
Married couple lives in a new location |
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Patrilocal |
Married couple lives near husband's family |
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Matrilocal |
Married couple lives near wife's family |
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Avunculocal |
Married couple lives near wife's brother |
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Monogamy |
Marriage to no more than one person at a time |
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Polygamy |
Marriage to more than one person at a time. Includes both polygyny and polyandry |
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Polygyny |
One man married to multiple women at one time |
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Polyandry |
Rarest kind of marriage. One woman married to multiple men. |
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Fraternal polyandry |
Brothers collectively marry a single woman |
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Bridewealth |
Transfer of goods from family of groom to family of bride; common in patrilineal societies as compensation for daughter's labour |
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Dowry |
Transfer of goods from parents of bride to groom or his family often via the daughter; societies who value women's labour less |
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Conjugal family |
Based on marriage; at a minimum, spousal pair and their children |
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Non-conjugal family |
A woman and her child/children; father may be occasionally present or completely absent |
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Family |
At minimum, a woman and her dependant children |
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Nuclear family |
2 generations; parents and their unmarried children |
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Extended family |
3 generations; parents, married children, and their grand children. May be in response to economic or cultural conditions. |
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Joint family |
Brothers and their wives or sisters and their husbands together with their children |
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Blended family |
Divorced or widowed people marry, bringing with then children from previous families |
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Machismo |
Active, dominant partner who is not considered to be homosexual |
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Cochon |
Submissive partner, homosexual |
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Hierarchy/Stratification |
Cultural inventions to create boundaries around imagined communities |
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Gender roles |
Accepted behaviors and expected duties assigned to each gender |
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Class |
Theoretically, transition is possible. Form of hierarchy. |
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Clientage |
Links between upper and lower class individuals such as in buisness |
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Class Consciousness |
Recognition among lower class that they share a similar plight - leads to revolution |
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Caste |
Endogamous occupational groups of ruling elite; movement and association between Castes prohibited. Heritable and for life. |
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Varna |
Broad occupational categories in India's Caste system |
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Jati |
Localized endogamous groups in India's Caste system |
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Racism |
Systematic oppression on the basis of race |
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Malleable |
Ethnicities situational emphasized or shes |
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Racialization |
Conflating of ethnicity and race - usually to denigrate groups |
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Nation |
Belief in a shared history, culture, and language |
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Nation-states |
Relatively recent invention; national identity and political territory coincide |
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Nationality |
Identification with and loyalty to a nation state |
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Strategic essentialism |
Use of essentialistic rhetoric/cultural representation for political purposes |
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Naturalization |
Legal act or process by which a non citizen in a country may acquire citizenship or nationality of that country |
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First world |
Capitalist countries |
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Second world |
Communist countries |
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Third world |
Neither, often poor |
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Diasporia |
Form of trans border identity; migrant populations with shared identity; does not focus on nation building; Jewish people |
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Long distance nationalist |
Member of a diaspora who support nationalist struggles in their homeland and advocate for a state of their own |
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Trans border states |
Migrants who see themselves as part of their ancestral state, even if citizens of another state |
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Foreign workers program |
Take positions that are difficult to fill and are expected to leave after a specific time |
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Flexible citizenship |
Strategies of wealthy elite who move regularly across state boundaries and benefit from different nation state regimes; less emphasis on national identification |
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Post national ethos |
Submit to the government of the capitalist market while trying to evade governmentality of nation states |
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Postnational state |
Nation States and national identities lose their importance relative to cross nation and and self organized or supranational and global entities |
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Case study: Haida |
Canadian West Coast: practice trace of descent through mother. Title, cheifhood, property, etc. Chief is always a man. |
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Inuit of Nunavut |
Community child rearing; children may move between families within the community |
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Ju/'hoansi Child Rearing style |
Collective mothering; relationship between biological mother is still important but not as emphasized; circulate throughout the community and are reared by many people |
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Icelandic Dating App |
Let's people know of they're closely related or not |
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Nepal and Tibet marriage style |
Fraternal polyandry, brothers collectively marry a single woman |
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Nuer dowry |
Transfer symbolically representative goods, specifically cows |
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Dowry crimes in India |
Places economic strain on bride's fanily, daughters may be viewed as liabilities, coercion to extract higher dowry, newly we'd women may experience hostility over inadequate dowry |
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Ju/'hoansi on sex |
Expected to have sex before marriage as part of exploration and growing up experience |
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Nicaragua |
One partner, "machismo", perceived as muscling and they by not homosexual where as the "Chicon" is |
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Western African Blacksmith |
Trade passed down through generations, high Caste standing |
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Caste in India |
Respect and obey higher ranking jatis. Because it is hard to distinguish Caste in everyday life, distinction is made more pronounced in ceremonial settings. Higher ranking eat less polluting food such as meat, and don't do polluting jobs such as fecal hygiene. |
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Colourism in Nicaragua |
Individuals placed on a continuing from white to black; standing changed with present company |
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Quebecois |
Quebec separatism, create their own nation state, protect unique identity, supplemented by laws |
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Fiji |
Groups ranked in unequal structure during British colonization; descriminate against ethnic people and immigrants, ethnic Fijians worked to retain privileged position . Fijian unity undercut by discriminatory institiuatuins. Segregated voting. |
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Indigenous self determination in Canada |
Right to self govern. Nunavut as a separate territory for Inuit people |
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Tanzanian Independence - Julius Nyerere |
Many distinct tribes brought under single legal entity. Julius Nyerere first president, advocated for national identity based on traditional village life. Cultural assimilation. Combat Ted I dependant cultural identities. Kiswahili new language and a consistent education system across tribes. |
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Globalization |
Reshaping of local conditions by powerful global forces |
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Effects of globalization are... |
Uneven, empowers and disempowers |
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Globalist is a euphemism for... |
Anti-Semitic |
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What 4 things were drivers of globalization? |
Fall of communism and rise of capitalism, modernization, neo - liberalism: states encouraged to participate in global economy, and transportation and communication technologies |
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Case study: Cofan |
Cultural tourism. Cofan tourism of rain forest. Control over ecological preservation and tourism on their territory. Refuse to put cultures on display for tourist consumption. |
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Case study: Iringa |
Cultural tourism. Iringa baskets are a traditional craft. Access to cheaper plastic goods crashed local basket market. May be received by access to global market. |
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"Race to the Bottom" |
Exploitation of African resources. Little wealth reaches the poor, black mail government policies by threatening to move their business entirely. Wide spread corruption. |
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Pan-Africanism |
Political union for all inhabitants of Africa. Counter act neocolonialism |
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Brexit |
UK leaving the EU |
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Human Rights |
People are entitled to powers, proveledges, and resources |
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2 ideas on Human Rights and Culture |
1. Human rights are opposed to culture 2. Right to culture is a human right |
